摘要
中国正处于从中低收入走向中高收入的转型期,是欠发达经济体成为较发达或发达经济体的关键阶段。在这一阶段,社会经济结构都将发生巨大变化,机遇与挑战并存,处理得好,则实现工业化、现代化,进入发达国家行列;处理得不好,则可能掉进"中等收入陷阱"。中国要想成功实现经济转型、保证经济持续稳定增长,重点在农村,难点在农村,动力也在农村。推进农业现代化、提高劳动生产率,才能解决粮食安全问题,这是治国安邦的根本;促进农村剩余劳动力转移、提高城镇化质量,才能解决高素质产业技术工人短缺问题,这是产业结构升级的基础;提高农民收入、缩小城乡差距,才能解决收入分配不公问题,这是社会稳定与公平的保证;而这一切的核心都落在农村劳动力素质上。投资农村人力资本、发展农村教育、提高劳动生产率,这是当前中国社会转型的首要任务。根据中国农村教育的现状,发展农村教育关键在于做好"三教统筹",推进农村成人职业教育事业发展,加快农村中等职业教育体制机制创新,提高农村义务教育质量,扩大农村学前教育资源供给。
China is now in a period of transformation from low income to high income, and this is a key stage for an underdeveloped economic body to become a developed economic body. During this stage, the structures of economy and society have great changes, facing both challenges and opportunities. To have a good solution, China should realize industrialization and modernization to become a developed country; otherwise, it will fall into the ＂Middle Income Trap＂. In order to achieve economy transformation and to ensure sustainable economy growth, the countrysie is not only the key and difficult point, but also the power for economy development. To promote the agricultural modernization and to improve labor productivity is the way to solve the problem of food shortage. To promote the transference of rural surplus labor force and to improve the quality of urbanization can solve the problem of the shortage of high quality industry skilled technical workers. To improve the income of rural population and to narrow the income gap between the urban and rural residents can solve the problem of unfairness of income distribution. Therefore, to realize all these falls on the rural labor quality. That is, we should invest human capital, develop rural education, and improve labor productivity. According to the present situation, the key for rural education development is balance the development at all levels, including elementary education, vocational education, and adult education.
出处
《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第6期70-78,共9页
Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)
关键词
中等收入陷阱
人力资本
劳动生产率
农业现代化
劳动力转移
城乡收入差距
三教统筹
Middle Income Trap
human capital
agriculture modernization
rural labor transference
urban-rural incomegap
Balanced Development of Three Educations
