摘要
[目的]探究木荷幼苗在不同光照强度下对硅肥添加的响应,为提高木荷幼苗的光适应性与造林成效提供指导。[方法]以一年生的木荷幼苗为研究对象,设置5种不同的光照强度梯度(L_(1):76910.37±1025.23lx、L_(2):46123.75±915.26 lx、L_(3):31006.29±534.82 lx、L_(4):11695.45±485.21 lx和L_(5):3813.28±289.58 lx),各光照强度接近于全光照的100%、60%、40%、15%与5%,以及4个硅肥添加处理(Si_(0):0 mg·kg^(-1),Si_(1):1000 mg.kg^(-1),Si_(2):2000 mg.kg^(-1),Si_(3):4000 mg·kg^(-1))。通过测定木荷幼苗苗高、地径增长量、叶片形态指标、叶绿素荧光参数、光合参数及叶绿素含量,分析光照强度和硅肥添加对木荷幼苗的生长、叶片性状及光合生理特征的影响。[结果]研究表明:1)与全光照相比,遮荫促进了幼苗的苗高生长和生物量积累,降低了地径增长量;叶长宽比、叶面积(LA)、和比叶面积(SLA)显著增加,叶干质量(LDW)增加。同时,遮荫显著增加了幼苗的PSII潜在光化学效率(F_(v)/F_(o)),降低了PSII最大光合量子产量(F_(v)/F_(m)),并且显著提高了净光台速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))、胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))和蒸腾速率(T_(r)),以及木荷叶绿素a(ChIa)和总叶绿素(ChI)含量,叶绿素b(ChIb)沿光强梯度先增后减。2)与未施硅肥相比,施用硅肥后,苗高增长量、地径增长量和总生物量显著增加;叶长宽比、LA、SLA和LDW总体沿硅肥添加梯度先上升后下降。F_(v)/F_(o)、F_(v)/F_(m)均显著上升;各处理间P_(n)、G_(s)、C_(i)、T_(r)差异显著;ChIa、ChIb和ChI含量显著上升。[结论]木荷幼苗更适合在适度遮荫的光环境下(11000~46000 lx)生长,适度的施用硅肥(1000~2000mg·kg^(-1))可有效缓解光抑制对幼苗的损伤,提高木荷幼苗对不同光照强度的生长适应性。
[Objective]To explore the response of Schima superba Gardner&Champ.seedlings to silicon fertilizer addition under different light intensities and to provide practices for improving the light adaptability and silvicultural effectiveness of S.superba seedlings.[Method]Based on one-year-old S.superba seedlings under five different light intensity gradients(L_(1):76910.37±1025.23 lx,L_(2):46123.75±915.26 lx,L_(3):31006.29±534.82 lx,L_(4):11695.45±485.21 lx and L_(5):3813.28±289.58 lx),the light intensities were close to 100%,60%,40%,15%and 5%of full light-illumination intensity.Four silicon fertilizer addition treatments(Si_(0):0 mg·kg^(-1),Si_(1):1000 mg·kg^(-1),Si_(2):2000 mg·kg^(-1),Si_(3):4000 mg·kg^(-1))were established.The effects of light intensity and silicon fertilizer addition on the growth,leaf traits and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of S.superba seedlings were examined by measuring the seedling height,ground diameter growth,leaf morphology,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,photosynthetic parameters and chlorophyll content.[Result]The results showed that:1)Compared with full light intensity,light-shading promoted seedling height growth and biomass accumulation,reduced ground diameter growth;and made leaf length-width ratio,leaf area(LA)and specific leaf area(SLA)increased significantly,and leaf dry weight(LDW)increased.At the same time,shading significantly increased the potential photochemical efficiency of PSII(F_(v)/F_(o)),decreased the maximum photosynthetic quantum yield of PSII(F_(v)/F_(m)),and significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),stomatal conductance(G_(s)),intercellular CO_(2)concentration(C_(i))and transpiration rate(T_(r)),as well as the contents of chlorophyll a(Chla)and total chlorophyll(Chl).The content of chlorophyll b(Chlb)increased first and then decreased along the light intensity gradient.2)Compared with the control(without silicon fertilizer addition),silicon fertilizer addition significantly increased the growth of seedling height,ground diameter and total biomass increased significantly.The leaf length-width ratio,LA,SLA and LDW generally increased first and then decreased along the silicon fertilizer addition gradient.F_(v)/F_(o)and F_(v)/F_(m)increased significantly.There were significant differences in P_(n),G_(s),C_(i)and T_(r)among treatments.The contents of Chla,Chlb and Chl increased significantly under silicon addition treatments.[Conclusion]S.superba seedlings are more suitable for growth in a moderate shading light environment(11000-46000 lx).Moderate application of silicon fertilizer(1000-2000 mg·kg^(-1))may effectively alleviate the damage of photoinhibition to seedlings and improve the growth adaptability of Schima superba seedlings to different light intensities.
作者
李沛瑶
李钰如
黄海峰
林君漪
陈逸飞
王建鲁
廖晓丽
靳少非
郑德祥
LI Pei-yao;LI Yu-ru;HUANG Hai-feng;LIN Jun-yi;CHEN Yi-fei;WANG Jian-lu;LIAO Xiao-li;JIN Shao-fei;ZHENG De-xiang(College of Forestry,Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;State-owned Forest Farm of Shunchang,Shunchang 353200,Fujian,China;College of Geography and Ocean,Minjiang University,Fuzhou 350108,Fujian,China)
出处
《林业科学研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期136-145,共10页
Forest Research
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071760)
福建省自然科学基金面上项目(2023J011419)
福建省林业科技攻关项目(2022FKJ02)。
关键词
光照强度
硅肥
叶片性状
木荷
光合生理特性
生长特性
light intensity
silicon fertilizer
leaf traits
schima superba
photosynthetic physiological characteristics
biomass
