摘要
逆全球化与地缘政治竞争加剧,全球治理受挫凸显地区治理的重要性。地区治理有赖于地区国家合作与一体化塑造的地区组织,它们形成竞争与合作并存关系,出现地区“多重一体化”现象,影响到地区治理效果。受地区内外大国互动和地区规范影响,地区治理存在合作型、相互增强型、冲突型和区隔型四种类型。如果地区内外大国是合作或者朋友身份,彼此秉承的地区规范相容,有助于合作型或相互增强型地区治理出现,推进地区一体化;如果地区内外大国是冲突或者敌对身份,彼此秉承的地区规范不相容,将塑造冲突型或区隔型地区治理,导致地区碎片化。欧亚存在“多重一体化”现象,地区组织间的关系是竞争与合作并存,地区出现分化。在东欧和南高加索,由于俄罗斯和欧洲关系恶化,从冲突向敌对身份演变,彼此秉承的地区规范不相容,形成冲突型地区治理,并逐渐演进为区隔型地区治理;在中亚,中俄从合作向朋友身份演化,彼此秉承的地区规范相容,形成合作型乃至相互增强型地区治理,一体化效应明显。欧亚地区紧邻中国西部,地区分化将影响到“一带一路”倡议高质量实施,危及全球安全倡议落实,需要妥善应对。
Given the setbacks in global governance due to anti-globalization and geopolitical competition,the importance of regional governance becomes more prominent.Regional governance depends on regional institutions created or shaped by cooperation between regional states and by regional integration.The co-opetition among these regional institutions has given rise to“overlapping integration,”which may compromise the effect of regional governance.Given the interaction between regional and extra-regional great powers and different regional norms,four types of dynamics can be identified in regional governance:cooperation,synergy,conflict and splintering.If regional and extra-regional great powers cooperate or are friendly with each other and if their preferred regional norms are compatible,this will be conducive to cooperative or synergistic regional governance.If regional and extra-regional great powers have conflicts or are adversarial with each other and if their preferred norms are incompatible,this will lead to conflict-prone or splintering regional governance,resulting in fragmentation.Overlapping integration can be observed in the Eurasian region where regional institutions compete and cooperate with each other,leading to regional fragmentation.In Eastern Europe and the South Caucasus,the conflict prone regional governance that has emerged is gradually giving way to splintering because of a shift in identity from competitor to adversary due to the deepening hostility between Russia and Europe,and the incompatibility in regional norms.Conversely,in Central Asia,cooperative or even synergistic regional governance is emerging thanks to the shift in Russian-Chinese identity from partner to friend,and compatibility of their regional norms.Since Eurasia is close to western China,regional division adversely impacts the high-quality implementation of the Belt and Road initiative,and the implementation of the Global Security Initiative.These challenges should be properly addressed.
出处
《国际论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第3期114-135,159,160,共24页
International Forum
基金
国家社科基金一般项目“欧亚多重一体化困境与‘一带一路’倡议集约发展研究”(项目号:20BGJ067)的阶段性成果。
关键词
国际组织
地区治理
比较地区主义
多重一体化
欧亚地区
international institutions
regional governance
comparative regionalism
overlapping integration
Eurasia
