摘要
为了探讨在日粮中添加壳寡糖对肉鸡生产性能和免疫功能的影响,试验将90只1日龄雄性白羽肉鸡随机分为5组(每组3个重复,每个重复6只),对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别饲喂添加200,300,400 mg/kg壳寡糖的基础日粮,试验Ⅳ组饲喂添加200 mg/kg金霉素的基础日粮,每天称量鸡的体重,记录采食量,分别在饲养第21,42天时从各组每个重复的肉鸡中随机挑选3只平均体重相接近的肉鸡,翅静脉采血10 mL,制备血清,然后将鸡处死,采集免疫器官(胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊)和胸肌,并称量免疫器官重,计算免疫器官指数,用ELISA方法检测免疫球蛋白、生长激素(GH)和胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)含量。试验结束后检测各组肌肉的pH值、肉色和脂肪含量。结果表明:与试验Ⅳ组相比,试验Ⅰ组平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05),血清中GH和IGF-Ⅰ含量升高。与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组胸肌的红度(a^(*))值显著提高(P<0.05),与试验Ⅳ组相比,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组胸肌黄度(b^(*))值显著提高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验Ⅲ组可显著提高42日龄肉鸡法氏囊指数(P<0.05);但胸腺指数和脾脏指数与试验Ⅳ组相比差异不显著(P>0.05);同时试验Ⅲ组可提高21日龄肉鸡血清中IgG含量(P>0.05),显著提高42日龄肉鸡血清中IgM含量(P<0.05),增强了肉鸡的免疫功能。说明日粮中添加200 mg/kg壳寡糖能较好地提高肉鸡的生长性能和肌肉品质,而添加400 mg/kg壳寡糖能较好地提高肉鸡的免疫功能,表明壳寡糖具有作为抗生素替代品的潜力。
In order to explore the effects of adding chitosan oligosaccharide in the diet on the performance and immune function of broilers, ninety 1-day-old male white-feathered broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups(3 replicates in each group, 6 in each replicate). Broilers in the control group was fed basal diet. Broilers in the experimental groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed the basal diet supplemented with 200, 300, 400 mg/kg chitosan oligosaccharide, respectively, and broilers in the experimental group Ⅳ were fed the basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg chlortetracycline. The body weight of the chickens were weighed, and feed intake was recorded every day. On the 21 st and 42 nd day of feeding, 3 broilers with similar average body weight were randomly selected from each replicate of each group, and 10 mL of blood was collected from the fin vein to prepare serum, and then the chickens were sacrificed to collect immune organs(thymus, spleen and bursa) and chest muscles. The immune organs were weighed to calculate the immune organ indexes. The contents of immunoglobulin, growth hormone(GH) and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ) were determined by ELISA. After the experiment, the pH value, flesh color and fat content of the muscles in each group were detected. The results showed that compared with the experimental group Ⅳ, the average daily gain of white feather broilers in the experimental group Ⅰ was significantly increased(P<0.05), while the feed-to-weight ratio was significantly decreased(P<0.05), and the contents of GH and IGF-Ⅰ in serum were also increased. Compared with the control group, the redness(a^(*)) value of pectoral muscle in the experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly increased(P<0.05), and compared with experimental group Ⅳ, the pectoral muscle yellowness(b^(*)) value in the experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly increased(P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the bursa index of 42-day-old broilers in the experimental group Ⅲ were significantly increased(P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in thymus index and spleen index compared with the experimental group Ⅳ(P>0.05). At the same time, the experimental group Ⅲ could increase the serum IgG content of 21-day-old broilers(P>0.05), and significantly increased the serum IgM content of 42-day-old broilers(P<0.05), enhanced the immune function of broilers. The results indicated that adding 200 mg/kg chitosan oligosaccharide in the diet could better improve the growth performance and muscle quality of broilers, while adding 400 mg/kg chitosan oligosaccharide could better improve the immune function of broilers, suggesting that chitosan oligosaccharide had the potential as a substitute for antibiotics.
作者
石雪傲
高远
金政
舒建洪
赵凯
SHI Xueao;GAO Yuan;JIN Zheng;SHU Jianhong;ZHAO Kai(Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology,Ministry of Education,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150500,China;Key Laboratory of Microbiology,College of Heilongjiang Province,School of Life Sciences,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China;Institute of Nanobiomaterials and Immunology,School of Life Science,Taizhou University,Taizhou 318000,China;College of Life Sciences and Medicine,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang Hom-Sun Biotechnology Co.Ltd.,Shaoxing 312366,China)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第13期98-103,共6页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
哈尔滨市“雏鹰计划”暨科技企业培育专项(2020CYJBCG0306)。
关键词
壳寡糖
肉鸡
生长性能
肌肉品质
免疫功能
chitosan oligosaccharide
broilers
growth performance
muscle quality
immune function
