摘要
本试验旨在研究褐藻寡糖(AOS)对肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数、血清抗氧化指标和肠道健康的影响。试验分别用100、200和800 U的褐藻胶裂解酶PDE9水解褐藻酸钠制备不同分子量的AOS,之后使用高效分子排阻色谱方法测定AOS的重均分子量,得出3种AOS的重均分子量分别为23981、5038和3766 u,依次标记为高分子量、中分子量和低分子量。然后选取体况一致和体重接近的1日龄爱拔益加(AA)雄性肉鸡280只,随机分为4组,每组7个重复,每个重复10只。对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加200 mg/kg低分子量(AL组)、中分子量(AM组)和高分子量(AH组)的AOS。试验期40 d。结果表明:1)与CON组相比,AL组、AM组和AH组肉鸡40日龄体重均显著提高(P<0.05),1~40日龄和21~40日龄平均日增重(ADG)均显著提高(P<0.05);AL组和AM组肉鸡20日龄体重均显著提高(P<0.05),1~20日龄ADG均显著提高(P<0.05),1~20日龄料重比(F/G)均显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与CON组相比,AL组肉鸡20日龄肝脏指数显著降低(P<0.05);AM组和AH组肉鸡20日龄法氏囊指数均显著提高(P<0.05)。3)与CON组相比,AH组肉鸡空肠隐窝深度(CD)有降低趋势(P=0.084),空肠钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白1(SGLT1)、锌转运蛋白1(ZnT1)、闭锁小带蛋白-1(ZO-1)、黏蛋白2(mucin-2)和闭合蛋白(occludin)的mRNA相对表达量均显著提高(P<0.05),空肠封闭蛋白-3(claudin-3)的mRNA相对表达量有提高趋势(P=0.081)。4)与CON组相比,AH组肉鸡盲肠扁桃体白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、白细胞介素-17(IL-17)和白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)的mRNA相对量表达均显著降低(P<0.05)。5)与CON组相比,AH组肉鸡盲肠微生物β多样性差异有显著性趋势(P=0.055),且AH组盲肠拟杆菌属、瘤胃球菌科UCG-005、瘤胃梭菌属、考拉杆菌属、帕拉苏特氏菌属、弯曲杆菌属、鸡杆菌属和埃希氏-志贺氏菌属的相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加不同分子量AOS均能有效提高肉鸡生长性能;其中,高分子量AOS在制备中所需的酶量更少,生产成本相对更低,且能增强肉鸡免疫功能和改善肠道健康。
The aim of this study was to reveal the effects of alginate oligosaccharide(AOS)on growth performance,immune organ indices,serum antioxidant indices and intestinal health of broilers.Sodium alginate was hydrolyzed to prepare AOS of different molecular weights with alginate lyase PDE9 at enzyme-activity units of 100,200 and 800 U.The molecular weights of the prepared AOS were determined using high performance molecular exclusion chromatography.The weight-average molecular weights of the three AOS were 23981,5038 and 3766 u,which were sequentially labeled with high molecular weight,medium molecular weight and low molecular weight,respectively.Then a total of 280 male Arbor Acres(AA)broiler chickens of 1-day-old with the same body condition and similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 7 replicates per group and 10 chickens per replicate.Broilers in the control group(CON group)were fed a basal diet,and the others in experiment groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg AOS with low molecular weight(AL group),medium molecular weight(AM group)and high molecular weight(AH group),respectively.The experiment lasted for 40 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with CON group,the body weight of broilers at 40 days of age and the average daily gain(ADG)during 1 to 40 and 21 to 40 days of age in AL,AM and AH groups were significantly increased(P<0.05);the body weight of broilers at 20 days of age and ADG during 1 to 20 days of age in AL and AM groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain(F/G)during 1 to 20 days of age was significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)Compared with CON group,the liver index of broilers at 20 days of age in AL group was significantly decreased(P<0.05);the bursa of Fabricius index of broilers at 20 days of age in AM and AH groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).3)Compared with CON group,the crypt depth(CD)in jejunum of broilers in AH group tended to be decreased(P=0.084),the mRNA relative expression levels of sodium-glucose cotransporter 1(SGLT1),zinc transporter 1(ZnT1),zonula occluden-1(ZO-1),mucin-2,occludin in AH group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the claudin-3 mRNA relative expression level in jejunum tended to be increased(P=0.081).4)Compared with CON group,the mRNA relative expression levels of interleukin-10(IL-10),interleukin-17(IL-17)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)in cecal tonsil of broilers in AH group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).5)Compared with CON group,the β diversity of microbiota in cecum of broilers in AH group tended to be increased(P=0.055),and the relative abundances of Bacteroides,Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005,Ruminiclostridium,Phascolarctobacterium,Parasutterella,Campylobacter,Gallibacterium and Escherichia-Shigella in cecum in AH group were significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,adding different molecular weights of AOS in diets can effectively improve the growth performance of broilers;among them,the high molecular weight AOS requires less enzyme in preparation,has relatively lower production cost,and can enhance immune function and improve intestinal health of broilers.
作者
胡蝶
阿拉腾珠拉
程志钱
张美红
肖瑀轩
程功
胡永飞
HU Die;Alatengzhula;CHENG Zhiqian;ZHANG Meihong;XIAO Yuxuan;CHENG Gong;HU Yongfei(State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Huzhou Inspection and Quarantine Comprehensive Technical Service Center,Huzhou 313000,China;State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第4期2331-2343,共13页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32372824)
浙江省基础公益研究计划(LGN20C140001)。
关键词
褐藻寡糖
肉鸡
生长性能
免疫器官指数
血清抗氧化指标
肠道健康
alginate oligosaccharide
broilers
growth performance
immune organ indices
serum antioxidant indices
intestinal health
