摘要
采用文献研究法对2010年后国家层面出台的儿童福利政策文件及相关研究文献进行综述和分析。首先,从政策内容维度呈现2010年后儿童福利政策的六个特点:凸显儿童福利和儿童权利的价值理念;确立"适度普惠型儿童福利模式"的政策取向;重点关注困境儿童和农村留守儿童;填补儿童保护政策漏洞并聚焦监护和安全问题;丰富和制度化儿童福利政策内容;创新儿童福利和儿童保护工作机制。其次,揭示了政策发展存在五个问题:政策内容有"五个模糊"方面;城乡二元分割和政策对象差别对待;养育儿童的家庭支持不足;补救性政策多而预防性政策少;政策层级低且碎片化严重。最后,提出新时代儿童福利政策完善的四点建议:确定儿童福利国家战略框架;"普惠制服务福利"和"补缺制现金福利"相结合;建设中国特色儿童保护体系;通过明确的家庭政策提升全体儿童的福利水平。
This article adopts the literature research method to review and analyze the child welfare policy documents issued at the national level after 2010 and relevant research literature.First,it presents from the policy content dimension six features of child welfare policy development since 2010:highlighting the value concept of child welfare and children's rights;establishing the policy orientation of“Moderate Universal Child Welfare Model”;placing emphasis on children in difficulties and rural left-behind children;filling the gaps in child protection policies and focusing on family custody and child safety;enriching and institutionalizing the contents of child welfare policies;innovating the mechanisms of child welfare and child protection.Second,it reveals five problems in policy development:five ambiguous aspects in the policies;the urban-rural dichotomy and differential treatments to children with similar needs;inadequate family support for child-rearing;more remedial policies and fewer preventive policies;low policy levels and severe fragmentation.Finally,it proposes four suggestions for improvement and implementation of child welfare policy system in the new era:defining the national strategic framework of child welfare,combining the“Universal Service Welfare”and“Residual Cash Welfare”,building the child protection system with Chinese characteristics,and promoting child welfare through explicit family policy.
作者
乔东平
廉婷婷
苏林伟
QIAO Dongping;LIAN Tingting;SU Linwei(School of Social Development and Public Policy,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875,China)
出处
《社会工作与管理》
2019年第3期78-88,95,共12页
Social Work and Management
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目"中国儿童福利发展战略研究"(17AZD016)子课题"中国儿童福利服务体系研究"
关键词
儿童福利政策
儿童保护
最新发展
政策研究
文献研究
child welfare policy
child protection
the latest development
policy research
literature research
