摘要
毛梾作为一种新型木本油料,果实含油率可达36%~38%。毛梾籽油不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富,其中棕榈烯酸较为稀有,而棕榈烯酸主要来源于鲸油和鱼肝油等贵重深海鱼类油脂。毛梾籽油味道香浓,脂肪酸含量丰富但是色泽极深,传统的白土、活性炭已经不能起到很好的脱色效果。以乙醇作为夹带剂进行超临界CO_2萃取毛梾籽油,实现了"边提取边脱色",解决了传统溶剂提取后溶剂残留这一困扰的同时省去了脱色步骤。在进行了压力、时间、温度的单因素,选出合适条件后进行正交优化,综合考虑油脂提取率、色泽、状态等确定认为最优参数为压力16 MPa、温度40℃、频率21.3 Hz、料液比为1∶1.1 g/m L,此时提取率为38.9%,吸光度为0.203,颜色浅黄,无杂质,透明,品质较好。GC-MS分析得到其主要成分有棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸等。
As a new woody oil plant, the oil content of Comus walteriseed can be up to 36%- 38%. Comus wal-teri oil was rich in unsaturated fatty acids, of which fish liver oil and other precious abyssal fish grease. but its color was too deep to dislodge with traditional palmitoleic acid wais rare that mainly originates from whale oil and The Comus walterioil smells fragrant and was rich in fatty acids, carclazyte and active carbon methods. In this study, we used etha-nol as the entrainer to extract the Comus walteri seed oil in supercritical CO2, which realized the oil extraction and decolo- ring at the same time, solving residual solvent at the end of traditional solvent extraction and leaving out the decoloring steps of oil refining. After single factor experiment of pressure, time and temperature was carried out for selecting suitable conditions, upon orthogonal experiment design, the best condition of extraction giving full consideration to grease extraction rate, color and state and other factors was that the ratio of liquid to solid was 1：1.1 g/mL at 40 ℃and 16 MPa and the frequency was 21.3 Hz. Under the above conditions,the extraction ratio was up to 38.9% absorbancy was 0. 203, the color was light yellow and the oil was transparent and of good quality without impurity. GC - MS analysis was carried out and some components were obtained including palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid, etc.
出处
《中国粮油学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第1期135-140,共6页
Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association
关键词
毛梾籽油
提取率
脂肪酸
超临界
GC—MS
Cornus walteri
extraction ratio
fatty acid
supercritical
GC - MS
