摘要
角色动画一直是计算机动画和虚拟现实领域的重要研究内容之一.近年来,随着3D游戏动漫以及电影特效制作产业的蓬勃发展,角色动画对物理真实性的要求日益迫切,基于物理的角色动画合成受到了研究者们越来越多的关注,催生了许多新方法与新技术.该研究问题的核心是人体运动合成方法,其旨在驱动虚拟角色运动,生成满足物理运动规律的动画.重点围绕角色动画合成方法的研究进展进行介绍.首先在对国内外研究工作全面分析与总结的基础上,根据关节力矩的计算方式不同将其分为7类:时空约束法、约束动力学优化法、低维模型法、有限状态机、数据驱动法、动力学过滤法、概率模型法,详细阐述每一类方法的原理及特点后,重点介绍每类方法中近期出现的新工作.其次,对上述各类方法的优缺点进行对照分析.最后,结合实际应用需求,针对目前工作中存在的不足,提出一些可继续深入研究的问题.
Character animation is one of the main research topics of computer graphics and virtual reality,and it plays an important role in many applications of digital entertainment,3D game,manufacturing.Recently,along with the development of 3D animation game and special effects production in film making,physics-based character animation has attracted wide spread attention,and has been one of the hottest topics in the field of computer graphics for many years.As the growth of the requirement for physical reality,many new methods have emerged,which greatly enhance the animation and improve the performance.The most key issue is locomotion controller,which aims to calculate the joint torques to drive character move on.This paper focuses on character animation techniques.Firstly,the researches on character animation based on physical simulation are reviewed.According to the calculation methods of joint torques,these techniques are classified into 7categories：spacetime constraint,constrained dynamics optimization control,low-dimensional planning,finitestate controller,data-driven technique,dynamic selection of motion examples,integration with statistics model.Their principles and characteristics are detailed,and recent works are highlighted.Secondly,with analyzing the related literatures,the advantages and disadvantages of the existing simulation methods are summarized.Finally,we point out various open research areas and possible future directions.
出处
《计算机研究与发展》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第12期2866-2878,共13页
Journal of Computer Research and Development
基金
国家"八六三"高技术研究发展计划基金项目(2007AA01Z320
2012AA011501)
国家自然科学基金项目(61173067
61272322)
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划基金项目(2013BAK03B07)
关键词
角色动画
物理仿真
运动合成
虚拟现实
运动控制
character animation
physical simulation
motion synthesis
virtual reality
motion control
