摘要
梵净山独特的自然环境因子使其产生有别于周边喀斯特环境的特殊生态现象,谓之生态孤岛效应。由此形成的特殊的生态过程与丰富的生物多样性,是梵净山能够成为世界自然遗产申报项目的重要因素之一。本研究通过与同一生物地理省内已列入世界遗产名录的典型山地(神农架,黄山,武夷山,峨眉山)进行自然环境因子和种子植物区系的综合对比分析,探讨了其特殊的自然地理环境条件产生的独特生态孤岛效应,发掘其申报世界自然遗产的重要价值。结果表明,梵净山具有独特的地质演化历史、地形地貌、地理区位、气候条件等自然环境因子,共同形成了一个特殊的陆地岛屿生态环境;与典型山地对比,梵净山留存多样且独特的裸子植物和特有植物,裸子植物数量均高于4处对比地;梵净山的种子植物区系与其生态孤岛特征相适应,呈现温带性质稍强、热带性质独特,交汇性、过渡性显著,起源古老、分化特化明显的特征。本研究讨论了梵净山的生态孤岛效应对岛屿生物地理学、生态型研究和适应性进化等理论的现实意义,及其对物种多样性和特有物种保护的科学意义,凸显梵净山申报世界自然遗产的现实意义。
Because of the unique phy sical environmental factors, Fanjingshan has formed a special ecological phenomenon that differed from the surrounding karst environment, which is called the effect of ecological isolated island. The effect has led to the unique ecological process and abundant biodiversity, which should be one of the reasons that Fanjingshan is listed as the inscription project of World Natural Heritage. Based on the comparative study on physical environmental factors and spermatophyte floras between Fanjingshan and the four typical mountains, Shennongjia, Mount Huangshan, Mount Wuyi and Mount Emei, which have been included on the world heritage list in the same biogeographical province, this study analyzed the phenomenon of ecological isolated island, which was created by special physical geographical environment, and discussed its high value for the inscription of World Natural Heritage. The results showed that Fanjingshan owned unique geological evolution history, landforms factor, geographical location, climate condition, and all these factors created a specific ecological environment of terrestrial island. Fanjingshan retained abundant and unique endemic plants and gymnosperm, and the species of gymnosperm was richer than the other four mountains. The flora of Fanjingshan,which was matched with the feature of the ecological isolated island, could be characterized as stronger temperate element and unique tropical element in genus, significant intersection and transitivity, ancient origin and typical differentiation and endemism. This study discussed the practical significance of ecological isolated island effect to the theories including island biogeography, ecotype and adaptive evolution, as well as the scientific significance to the protection of species diversity and endemic species which could highlight the practical significance of Fanjingshan.
作者
游美玲
容丽
熊康宁
陈浒
李高聪
周玉文
高香琴
林丹丹
You Meiling;Rong Li;Xiong Kangning;Chen Hu;Li Gaocong;Zhou Yuwen;Gao Xiangqin;Lin Dandan(School of Karst Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,550001;State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang,550001;School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing,210023)
出处
《分子植物育种》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第24期8185-8198,共14页
Molecular Plant Breeding
基金
贵州省科技计划重点课题(黔科合SY(2015)3052号)
梵净山带谱样地
冷杉林物种次生灭绝
水青冈林调查与物种分析专题(20161110)共同资助
关键词
贵州梵净山
生态孤岛效应
种子植物区系
对比分析
Fanjingshan in Guizhou Province
Effect of ecological isolated island
Spermatophyte flora
Comparative analysis
