摘要
目的研究引起肺部感染的常见病原菌及对其敏感的抗菌药物。方法对医院2003年1月-2005年2月496份痰标本中分离出的233份阳性标本的病原菌种类及药敏进行综合分析。结果233例阳性标本中,共分离出234株病原菌,革兰阴性杆菌132株,占56.4%;革兰阳性球菌57株,占24.4%;真菌41株,占17.5%;革兰阳性杆菌4株,占1.7%;感染率最高的病原菌依次为:铜绿假单胞菌(15.4%),白色念珠菌(11.6%),阴沟肠杆菌(6.0%),肺炎克雷伯菌(5.6%),大肠埃希菌(5.1%),金黄色葡萄球菌(4.3%),酿脓链球菌(4.3%),鲍氏不动杆菌(3.6%),热带念珠菌(3.6%);药敏结果显示:所选的抗菌药物中,对革兰阴性杆菌敏感性较高的抗菌药物有亚胺培南(75.4%)、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦(38.9%)、环丙沙星(37.3%)、庆大霉素(37.3%)、阿米卡星(36.5%);对革兰阳性球菌敏感性较高的抗菌药物有万古霉素(75%)、利福平(55%)、红霉素(35%)。结论铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌、阴沟肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、酿脓链球菌是引起医院肺部感染的常见病原菌;真菌的感染率明显增加;临床应积极开展痰细菌培养及药敏试验,合理使用抗菌药物,以减少耐药菌株的产生。
OBJECTIVE To study commonly encountered pathogenic bacteria leading to lung infection and their drug sensitivity. METHODS In the period of Jan 2003 to Feb 2005, the pathogenic species and drug sensitivity of 233 positive samples isolated from 496 phlegm samples were analyzed. RESULTS Totally 234 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 233 phlegm samples. It had been found that 132 strains of Gram-negative bacilli, accounted for 56.4%; 57 strains of Gram-positive cocci, accounted for 24.4 % ; 41 strains of fungi, accounted for 17.5%; and 4 strains of Gram-positive bacilli, accounted for 1.7%. The pathogens of the highest infective rate were： Pseudomonas aeruginosa （ 15.4 % ）, Candida albicans （ 11.6% ）, Enterobacter cloacae （6.0 %）, Klebsiella pneumoniae （5. 6% ） , Escherichia coli （5. 1%）, Staphylococcus aureus （4. 3% ） , Streptococus pyogenes （4.3%）, Acinetobacterbaumannii（3.6%）, and C. tropicalis（3.6 %）. Results of drug sensitivity indicated that drugs selected sensitive to Gram-negative bacilli were., imipenem （75. 4%）, piperacillin/tazobactam （ 38. 9 %）, ciprofloxacin（37.3 % ）, gentamicin（37.3 % ）, and amikacin（36.5 % ）. Drugs sensitive to Gram-positive cocci were; vancomycin（75%）, rifampin （55%）, and erythromycin （35%）. CONCLUSIONS The commonly encountered pathogens of lung infection in our hospital are： P. aeruginosia, C. albicans, E. cloacae, K. pneumoniae, E. coli, S. aureus, and S. pyogenes. Infective rate of Candida is increasing evidently. Antibiotic resistance of bacteria becomes severe, drugs applied became less and less. Clinic should actively develop phlegm cultivation and drug sensitivity test, applying antibiotics reasonably, reducing production of bacteria resistant to drugs.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第1期94-96,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
痰
病原菌
药物敏感性
Phlegm
Pathogens
Drug sensitivity
