摘要
研究目的:青藏高原持续隆升,导致鲜水河构造带及邻区高地应力特征突出,地应力场极其复杂,研究高地应力的孕灾特征有助于隧道岩爆的风险防控,特别是时滞型岩爆的孕灾和致灾机理的研究。本文阐述鲜水河构造带地貌、地层岩性、构造及地应力场特征的孕灾总体认识,通过对该区域隧道近10 km约1300次岩爆统计,从发生概率、等级、埋深、位置、时间、距离等多角度研究岩爆特征,对发生的5次时滞型岩爆和隧道时效性变化特征进行分析,展望后续岩爆研究的重点。研究结论:(1)鲜水河构造带及邻区受高地应力影响,隐伏小微构造发育且无规律,为岩爆创造了特殊的孕灾环境,岩爆发生的随机性大;(2)该区域隧洞岩爆等级以轻微岩爆为主,具有“分区破裂”和脆性变形特征,时滞型岩爆一定程度上具有“继承性”;(3)建议加强沟谷应力场低埋型岩爆和滞后型岩爆或硬岩潜在时效破坏的监测研究;(4)本文研究成果可为类似高地应力环境下岩爆预测和防控提供借鉴。
Research purposes:The continuous uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has led to prominent high ground stress characteristics in the Xianshuihe structural belt and adjacent areas,with extremely complex ground stress fields.Studying the disaster prone characteristics of high ground stress is helpful for the risk prevention and control of tunnel rockburst,especially in the study of the disaster prone and causative mechanisms of time-delay rockburst.This paper elaborated on the overall understanding of disaster prevention in the Xianshuihe tectonic zone,including its landforms,stratigraphic lithology,structure,and stress field characteristics.Through statistical analysis of approximately 1300 times rock bursts in tunnels within a distance of nearly 10 km in the region,the characteristics of rock bursts were studied from multiple perspectives such as probability,level,burial depth,location,time,and distance.The five time delayed rock bursts and the characteristics of tunnel time-dependent changes were analyzed,and the future focus of rock burst research was discussed.Research conclusions:(1)The Xianshui River structural belt and its adjacent areas are affected by high ground stress,with hidden and irregular small and micro structures,creating a special disaster prone environment for rock bursts.The randomness of rock bursts is high.(2)The rock burst level of the tunnel in this area is mainly mild,with characteristics of"zone rupture"and brittle deformation.Time delayed rock bursts have a certain degree of"inheritance".(3)It is recommended to strengthen the monitoring and research of low burial type rock bursts,lagging type rock bursts,or potential time-dependent failure of hard rocks in valley stress fields.(4)The research results of this paper can provide reference for rock burst prediction and prevention in similar high stress environments.
作者
冯涛
蒋良文
袁东
林之恒
孟少伟
陈宇
FENG Tao;JIANG Liangwen;YUAN Dong;LIN Zhiheng;MENG Shaowei;CHEN Yu(China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.Ltd,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031,China)
出处
《铁道工程学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期74-78,85,共6页
Journal of Railway Engineering Society
关键词
鲜水河构造带
深埋隧道
高地应力特征
时滞型岩爆
施工岩爆特征
风险防控
Xianshuihe fracture zone
deep buried tunnels
high ground stress characteristics
time delayed rock burst
construction rock burst characteristics
risk prevention and control
