摘要
《刑法修正案(十二)》的内容主要涉及贿赂犯罪和民营企业内部人员背信犯罪两个方面。相关背信犯罪的犯罪主体由公领域(国有单位工作人员)向私领域(民营企业内部人员)延伸。对于相同或者相似的背信行为,我们不能仅因为受损企业所有权性质的不同而对相关行为作刑法上的区别对待。《刑法修正案(十二)》在非法经营同类营业罪等背信犯罪中对不同犯罪主体实施相同背信行为的规制体现了横向对称立法方式。《刑法修正案(十二)》调整单位受贿罪等贿赂犯罪的法定刑,体现了纵向对称立法方式。修正条文增加的全新罪状不能溯及既往,调整个罪法定刑等内容在特定情况下可以溯及既往。“司法消极”根本无法消除“立法积极”所引发的法律后果。在保护法益与保障人权之间不断寻求动态平衡的同时,应当在修正刑法条文时继续反思非对称性立法等问题。
The content of the Criminal Law Amendment(12)mainly involves the crime of bribery and the crime of breach of trust by insiders of private enterprises.The criminal subjects of related breach of trust crimes extend from the public domain(staff of state-owned units)to the private domain(internal personnel of private enterprises).For the same or similar breach of trust,we cannot treat the relevant behaviors differently in criminal law just because of the different nature of the ownership of the damaged enterprise.The Criminal Law Amendment(12)reflects the horizontally symmetrical legislative approach in regulating the same breach of trust committed by different criminal subjects in the crime of illegally operating similar businesses and other breach of trust crimes.The Criminal Law Amendment(12)adjusts the statutory penalties for bribery crimes such as unit bribery,reflecting the vertically symmetrical legislative approach.The new crimes added by the revised provisions cannot be retroactive,and adjustments to individual crime laws and sentencing can be retroactive under certain circumstances.“Judicial passivity”simply cannot eliminate the legal consequences caused by“legislative positivity”.While constantly seeking a dynamic balance between protecting legal interests and safeguarding human rights,we should continue to reflect on issues such as asymmetric legislation when amending criminal law provisions.
出处
《财经法学》
CSSCI
2024年第3期129-144,共16页
Law and Economy
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“网络时代的社会治理与刑法体系的理论创新”(20&ZD199)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
背信犯罪
贿赂犯罪
适用标准
立法反思
《刑法修正案(十二)》
crime of breach of trust
bribery crime
applicable standards
legislative reflection
Criminal Law Amendment(12)
