摘要
目的 了解中国-哈萨克斯坦边境阿拉山口口岸地区鼠群中携带巴尔通体(Bartonella)情况,研究与分析其基因同源性及系统进化情况,为海关开展口岸鼠传疾病的监测与排查提供科学依据。方法 2022年3至11月,采用夹夜法在阿拉山口口岸城区、郊区、野外和出入境通道处选取8个监测区域,捕获鼠形动物后进行分类鉴定与剖检,无菌采集肝脏组织,进行核酸提取,利用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增巴尔通体枸橼酸合酶基因(gltA),对阳性产物测序后,再进行同源性和遗传进化树分析。结果 共捕获鼠形动物1目2科5属5种101只,其中优势鼠种为大沙鼠,共计67只,占捕获总数的66.34%;其余为子午沙鼠、灰仓鼠、褐家鼠和小家鼠等。PCR检测鼠肝脏样本共101份,在其中7只大沙鼠中检出gltA基因核酸阳性,检出率为6.93%,经测序及遗传进化分析表明除alsk2022092302外,其他序列均较为相近,同源性分析显示其与GeneBank中6种已知巴尔通体gltA基因(AB444984.1、MG887832.1、KT327028.1、KT327032.1、MH618792.1、JN402992.1)同源性分别为95.56%~100%,提示阿拉山口口岸地区大沙鼠鼠群中存在巴尔通体分子种类多样性的特征。结论 研究再次证实阿拉山口口岸地区鼠形动物,特别是大沙鼠中存在巴尔通体感染,应加强监测与防控力度,防止其经国境口岸传入或传出。
Objective To study and examine the genetic homology and phylogenetic evolution of the rats at Alsshankou port on the China-Kazakhstan border to comprehend the Bartonella carrying status to give the Customs a scientific foundation on which to conduct surveillance and research into diseases transmitted by rats at ports.Methods Eight monitoring zones were chosen in urban areas,suburban regions,fields,and entry and departure routes at Alsshankou Port from March to November 2022.Rodents were caught using a nighttime trapping tech-nique.They were then categorized,recognized,and dissected.The Bartonella citrate synthase gene(gltA)was am-plified using the polymerase chain reaction(PCR)method,and the positive products were sequenced before homol-ogy and genetic evolution tree analysis.Liver tissue was taken aseptically for nucleic acid extraction.Results A to-tal of 101 rodents,representing 5 species,5 genera,2 families,and 1 order were caught.Rhombomys opimus ac-counted for the majority of the captures(66.34%),with 67 individuals,followed by Meriones meridianus,Cricetulus migratorius,Rattus norvegicus,and Mus musculus.PCR was used to identify gltA gene nucleic acid in 101 mice liver samples and 7 gerbils,with a detection rate of 6.93%.With the exception of alsk2022092302,sequencing and genetic evolution analyses revealed that the sequences were comparable.Its 95.56%to 100%homology with six other Bartonella gltA genes(AB444984.1,MG887832.1,KT327028.1,KT327032.1,MH618792.1,and JN402992.1)found in GeneBank suggests that the gerbil population in the Alashankou port area may contain a variety of Barton-ella molecular species.Conclusion The investigation revealed the presence of Bartonella infection in rodents,par-ticularly gerbils in the Alashankou port region to prevent Bartonella from being introduced or transmitted through border ports.Monitoring,prevention,and control must be strengthened.
作者
徐新龙
骄娃
彭国刚
李军霞
李子帆
徐军
Xu Xinlong;Jiao Wa;Peng Guogang;Li Junxia;Li Zifan;Xu Jun(Alashankou Customs Technical Center,Alashankou Xinjiang 833418;Alashankou Customs,Alashankou Xinjiang 833418;Urumqi Customs,Urumqi Xinjiang 830011)
出处
《口岸卫生控制》
2024年第2期57-62,共6页
Port Health Control
