摘要
全球树花粉致敏阳性率逐年增加,严重影响过敏性疾病患者的生活质量。在华北和华中地区,桦木花粉、柏树花粉和梧桐树花粉是春季花粉症患者中最为常见的过敏原。不同地理区域的植物分布和花粉传播规律导致了不同的花粉暴露结果,从而进一步加大了对诊断和治疗个体化需求的挑战。本文通过深入解读欧洲过敏和临床免疫学会(EAACI)发布的《过敏原组分诊断指导建议2.0》中关于树花粉过敏的研究进展和临床应用,探讨了PR-10蛋白、Profilins、Polcalin等树花粉的主要过敏原家族和组分蛋白,以及可能导致花粉食物过敏综合征的交叉反应组分。通过过敏原组分诊断可以区分真正过敏患者和对多重过敏原的反应,从而更有针对性地选择过敏原进行特异性免疫治疗,提高治疗效果,如Bet v 1和Cup a 1为桦树和柏树过敏患者免疫治疗的特异性指标。本文对该指南解读,为树花粉过敏领域的专业人员提供前沿信息,深入分析树花粉过敏原组分蛋白、临床表现和治疗的相关研究,有助于更好地理解和应对树花粉过敏的挑战。
With the increasing global prevalence of tree pollen allergies,there has been a significant impact on the quality of life for populations.In North and Central China,birch pollen,cypress pollen,and plane tree pollen are the most common allergens for springtime pollen allergy sufferers.The distribution of plants and patterns of pollen transmission in different geographical areas result in varying pollen exposure outcomes,further complicating the challenges in diagnosis and individualized treatment.This article delves into the research progress and clinical application of tree pollen allergies based on the"Molecular Allergology User′s Guide 2.0(MAUG 2.0)"published by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology(EAACI).It discusses major allergen families and component proteins of tree pollen such as PR-10 proteins,profilins,polcalcins,as well as cross-reactive components that may cause pollen-food allergy syndrome.Allergen component diagnostics can distinguish true allergy sufferers from those with multiple allergen reactions,enabling more targeted selection of allergens for specific immunotherapy,thus enhancing treatment effectiveness.Bet v 1 and Cup a 1,for instance,are specific indicators for immunotherapy in birch and cypress allergy patients.Overall,this article provides cutting-edge information for professionals in the field of tree pollen allergies,offering in-depth exploration of tree pollen allergen component proteins,clinical manifestations,and treatment-related research,aiding in better understanding and addressing the challenges of tree pollen allergies.
作者
罗文婷
郑贤惠
张嘉乐
孙宝清
Luo Wenting;Zheng Xianhui;Zhang Jiale;Sun Baoqing(Department of Clinical Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease,National Center for Respiratory Medicine,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health,Guangzhou 510120,China)
出处
《中华预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期268-274,共7页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
广州市科创委市校(院)联合基金(2023A03J0365,202102010327)
广东省钟南山医学基金会(20240015)
中国工程科技发展战略广东研究院咨询研究项目(2023-GD-04)。
关键词
树花粉
过敏原
过敏
过敏原组分诊断
Tree pollen
Allergen
Allergy
Component-resolved diagnosis
