摘要
针对西北农牧交错地区种养废弃物产生量大且有机肥化消纳率低的问题,以种养废弃物(羊粪、尾菜、牛粪、菇渣、玉米秸秆)为原料,不施肥(CK1)和当地商品有机肥(CK2)为对照,设计8个配方进行堆肥发酵,研究种养废弃物堆肥对日光温室西葫芦产量及品质的影响。结果表明,T4(羊粪∶尾菜∶秸秆=6∶3∶1)处理单株产量最高,与CK2相比提高了26.1%,且T4处理单株畸形率最低。T4处理维生素C含量最高,较CK2提高了5.5%,硝酸盐含量最低,较CK2显著降低了10.5%,且T4处理的可溶性蛋白含量较CK2提高了3.6%。T7(羊粪∶尾菜∶菇渣∶秸秆=6∶2∶1∶1)处理的可溶性固形物含量最高,较CK2显著提高了9.9%。各堆肥处理的Ca、Mg、Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn含量无显著差异,T4处理的必需氨基酸含量较CK2显著提高了28.3%,设计配方堆肥处理较CK2显著增加了赖氨酸、异亮氨酸、丙氨酸含量,降低了谷氨酸含量。综合产量和品质指标分析表明,相比商品有机肥,T4处理增产提质效果最好,所以可选择T4配方用于优化当地种养废弃物有机肥化处理体系和日光温室西葫芦栽培。
This study addressed the problem of high production of planting and breeding waste and low organic fertilization rate in the northwest agro-pastoral zone of China.Planting and breeding waste,including sheep manure,vegetable waste,cow manure,mushroom residue,and corn straw,were used as raw materials,and two controls were set up,i.e.no fertilization treatment(CK1)and a local commercial organic fertilizer(CK2).8 formulas were designed for composting and fermentation,and the effects of the planting and breeding waste composts on quality and yield of zucchini in greenhouse were studied.The results showed that T4(sheep manure∶vegetable waste∶straw=6∶3∶1)treatment had the highest yield per plant,which increased by 26.1%,compared to CK2,and T4 treatment had the lowest malformation rate per plant.T4 treatment had the highest vitamin C content,which increased by 5.5%,compared to CK2,and the lowest nitrate content,which significantly decreased by 10.5%,compared to CK2,and the soluble protein content of T4 treatment increased by 3.6%compared to CK2.The T7(sheep manure∶vegetable waste∶mushroom residue∶straw=6∶2∶1∶1)treatment had the highest content of soluble solids,which significantly increased by 9.9%,compared with CK2.There were no significant differences in the contents of Ca,Mg,Cu,Fe,Mn and Zn among the treatments.The essential amino acid content of T4 treatment was significantly increased by 28.3%,compared to CK2.Compared with CK2,the designed formula compost treatment significantly increased the contents of lysine,isoleucine and alanine,and reduced the content of glutamic acid.The comprehensive yield and quality index analysis showed that T4 treatment had the best effect in increasing yield and improving quality compared with commercial organic fertilizer,so the T4 formulation could be selected for optimizing the local planting and breeding waste in organic fertilization treatment system and sunshine greenhouse zucchini cultivation.
作者
铁建中
刘亚昱
魏百弘
高雪琴
徐之奇
刘泽慈
胡琳莉
郁继华
TIE Jian-zhong;LIU Ya-yu;WEI Bai-hong;GAO Xue-qin;XU Zhi-qi;LIU Ze-ci;HU Lin-li;YU Ji-hua(College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou Gansu 730070;State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science,Lanzhou Gancu 730070)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第11期127-136,共10页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
甘肃省教育厅“双一流”科研重点项目(GSSYLXM-02)
国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-23-C-07)
甘肃省拔尖领军人才培养计划(GSBJLJ-2021-14)
现代丝路寒旱农业科技支撑项目(GSLK-2021-6)。
关键词
种养废弃物
堆肥
西葫芦
产量
品质
planting and breeding waste
compost
zucchini
yield
quality
