摘要
随着《个人信息保护法》的出台,个人信息“合理利用”的问题开始凸显。个人信息“合理利用”的提出,本质原因在于,个人信息并非是个人所控制的信息,而是与个人相关的信息。这导致,个人信息保护不能仅限于不受侵犯,还要求个人信息处理者(国家或者其他私主体)必须对个人信息进行“合理的”处理。个人信息保护的落脚点应该是隐与私,既包括对个体不欲为人知的私密信息的保护,也包括对个体个人信息自我决定权的保护。其规范基础分别是可以使个体隐于社会的内在尊严和使个体积极融入社会的人格自由发展权。个人信息包括私密信息与风险信息。数字时代个人信息保护的难点在于,不知道何种个人信息经过技术处理后会导致个体的人格受到侵害,这体现了个人信息处理的风险本质。这意味着,个人信息“合理利用”应该兼具不受侵犯和风险预防两个方面,在面对国家公权力和私主体两种不同的处理者时,应该具有不同的保护逻辑。
With the promulgation of the"Personal Information Protection Law",the issue of"reasonable use"of personal information has become prominent.The essential reason for the proposal of"reasonable use"of personal information is that personal information is not information controlled by individuals,but information related to individuals.As a result,the protection of personal information cannot be limited to inviolability,but also requires personal information processors(states or other private entities)to conduct"reasonable"processing of personal information.The foothold of personal information protection should be privacy,including the protection of private information that individuals do not want to be known,and the protection of individuals'right to self-determination of personal information.Its normative basis is the inner dignity that can make individuals hidden in society and the right to free development of personality that enables individuals to actively integrate into society.Personal information includes private information and risk information.The difficulty in protecting personal information in the digital age is that it is unknown what kind of personal information will cause personal personality to be violated after technical processing,which reflects the risk nature of personal information processing.This means that the"reasonable use"of personal information should have two aspects of inviolability and risk prevention and should have different protection logics when facing two different processors of state power and private parties.
出处
《法学评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第6期109-120,共12页
Law Review
基金
阐释十九届四中全会精神国家社科重大项目“宪法实施保障机制的中国特色与制度建构研究”(项目编号:20ZDA030)的阶段性成果。
关键词
个人信息保护
合理利用
风险预防
隐私
人格
Personal Information Protection
Reasonable Use
Risk Prevention
Privacy
Personality
