摘要
在服役可靠性的强制要求下,直流充电桩普遍存在拆装困难、回收再利用性能差的问题。为此,提出了一种直流充电桩关键部件识别方法,筛选出对服役可靠性具有重要影响、具有较高再利用潜力却难以回收的零部件,以便设计人员能够围绕这些核心部件合理分配设计资源。该方法将故障模式、影响及危害性分析(FMECA)引入充电桩的可靠性评估,从风险优先级数(RPN)、回收难度以及再利用潜力三个角度,建立了充电桩可靠性与回收再利用性的评价指标体系;其中定量指标数据来源于充电桩的拆卸实验数据与实际运行环境下的故障数据,而由专家评价法得到的定性指标数据则采用三角模糊数描述并进行一致度聚合,以提高数据的准确性;通过逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)综合分析定性与定量数据,实现了零部件可靠性与回收再利用性的综合排序。最后,将该方法应用于国家电网80 kW一体式一机一枪充电桩,分析结果显示充电枪、充电模块、交流主接触器、计费控制单元、显示屏、充电主控模块以及进线塑壳路断器等零部件需要在将来的设计过程中加以关注,以有效提升直流充电桩的可靠性与可回收性。
Under the mandatory requirement of service reliability,DC charging piles are generally difficult to disassemble and have poor recycling performance.Therefore,a method for identifying the key components of DC charging pile is proposed to screen out the components that have important impact on service reliability and have high reuse potential but are difficult to recycle,so that designers can refer to these core components to reasonably allocate design resources.In this method,failure mode effects and criticality analysis(FMECA)is introduced into the reliability evaluation of charging piles,and the evaluation system of reliability and reusability of charging piles is established from three perspectives of risk priority number(RPN),recovery difficulty and reuse potential.The quantitative index data is derived from the disassembly experimental data and fault data under the actual operating environment of the charging pile,while the qualitative index data obtained by the expert evaluation method is described by triangular fuzzy numbers and aggregated to improve the accuracy of the data.By analyzing the qualitative and quantitative data by the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS),the comprehensive ranking of reliability and reusability of components is realized.Finally,the method is applied to the 80 kW one-piece used a gun charging pile of state grid.The results of analysis indicate that the parts of charging gun,charging module,AC main contactor,charging control unit,display screen,charging main control module and incoming plastic shell circuit breaker need to be concerned in the future design process to effectively improve the reliability and recyclability of the DC charging pile.
作者
宋守许
庞少聪
周丹
田永廷
SONG Shouxu;PANG Shaocong;ZHOU Dan;TIAN Yongting(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009;Key Laboratory of Green Design and Manufacturing for Machinery Industry,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009)
出处
《机械工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期18-28,共11页
Journal of Mechanical Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(SQ2019YFC190110)。
