摘要
化肥作为重要的农业生产资料,对粮食增产贡献巨大,但过量施用也造成了农业“内卷化”、农业面源污染、粮食质量安全等问题。2015年,中国开始实施化肥零增长行动方案,推行化肥减量增效工作。该文通过构建Cobb-Douglas生产函数模型与多元回归模型,以探讨化肥减量政策对粮食产量的影响,并设计了化肥减量施用的三种方案。结果表明,在确保中国粮食安全的前提下,化肥施用量可逐步减少至国际公认的化肥施用安全上限,在此水平上不仅能够达到足够的产量水平保障粮食安全,同时化肥施用量也恢复至安全范围以内,极大地减少了对粮食本身以及生态环境的破坏。因此,在化肥减量施用过程中,应加强宣传教育以树立高效节约观念,完善配套的政策和制度建设,推进粮食全产业链整体技术创新,持续推进精准施肥、科学施肥技术。
As an important means of agricultural production,chemical fertilizer has made a great contribution to grain production,but excessive application has also caused agricultural“involution”,agricultural non-point source pollution,food quality and safety and other problems.In 2015,China began to implement the zero-growth action plan of chemical fertilizer and promote the reduction and efficiency of chemical fertilizer.On this basis,this paper focuses on the effect of chemical fertilizer reduction on grain yield.The Cobb-Douglas production function model and multiple regression model were constructed to explore the impact of fertilizer reduction policy on grain yield,and three schemes of fertilizer reduction were designed.The results show that under the premise of ensuring China’s food security,the amount of chemical fertilizer application can be gradually reduced to the internationally recognized safety limit of chemical fertilizer application.At this level,not only enough yield can be achieved to ensure food security,but also the amount of chemical fertilizer application can be restored to the safe range,greatly reducing the damage to the food itself and the ecological environment.Therefore,in the process of chemical fertilizer reduction,we should strengthen publicity and education to establish the concept of high efficiency and economy,improve the supporting policy framework and system construction,promote the whole grain industry chain technology innovation and continue to promote precision fertilization and scientific fertilization technology.
作者
汪希成
李颜君
段莉
WANG Xi-cheng;LI Yan-jun;DUAN Li(China Western Economic Research Institute,Southwestern University of Finance and Economics,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;Institute of Public Management,Sichuan Academy of Solial Sciences,Chengdu 610071,Sichuan,China)
出处
《石河子大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2023年第3期40-49,共10页
Journal of Shihezi University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
国家社科基金项目“新时代我国”藏粮于地“战略的实现路径研究”(20BJY133)
国家社科基金项目“小农户农业技术应用障碍与突破研究”(18XJY001)。
关键词
粮食安全
化肥减量施用
影响
food security
reduction of chemical fertilizer application
influence
