摘要
电力设备中大量采用丁腈橡胶制作的密封件以保障设备的安全稳定运行。湿热环境中,丁腈橡胶材料的密封件容易因老化而性能下降,表现出与在干热环境中不同的老化特性。为研究丁腈橡胶的湿热老化特性及机理,选取丁腈橡胶进行湿热老化和热空气老化的对比试验。对老化过程中样品的质量、压缩永久形变和力学性能变化进行测试,并利用傅里叶红外光谱、热分析仪、扫描电镜对样品进行分析。通过试验得出:湿热老化和热空气老化导致丁腈橡胶力学性能显著降低,但湿热环境中样品的压缩永久变形率明显更高。在热空气老化中,丁腈橡胶的断链与交联非常活跃,并最终达到平衡。与热空气环境不同,湿热环境有利于丁腈橡胶中填料、添加剂的迁移挥发,在此过程中,丁腈橡胶失去抗氧化剂等添加剂的保护,发生交联和氧化而老化,受到外界应力的影响时更容易出现永久形变。
A large number of seals made of nitrile butadiene rubber(NBR) are used in power equipment to ensure the safe and stable operation of equipment. In a hot and humid environment, the performance of seals is easy to deteriorate due to aging, and shows different aging characteristics. In order to research the aging characteristics and mechanism of NBR,NBR samples were selected to carry out the comparison tests of wet heat aging and hot air aging. The weight, compressive permanent deformation and mechanical properties of the samples were measured during the aging process, and samples were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), thermal analyzer and scanning electron microscope(SEM). The results show that the mechanical properties of NBR are significantly reduced after wet heat aging and hot air aging, and the compression set of samples in the hot and humid environment is significantly higher. In hot air aging, chain breaking and crosslinking of NBR are very active and eventually reach equilibrium. Different from the hot air environment, the hot and humid environment is advantageous to the migration of additives such as antioxidant protection. In this process, NBR loses the protection of additives such as antioxidants, thus NBR is more easy to aging because of cross-linking and oxidation, and permanent deformation is more likely to occur when it is affected by external stresses.
作者
高维
杜钢
范伟男
王勇
王希林
贾志东
GAO Wei;DU Gang;FAN Weinan;WANG Yong;WANG Xilin;JIA Zhidong(Shenzhen International Graduate School,Tsinghua University,Shenzhen 518055,China;Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau Electric Power Test and Research Institute,Guangdong Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510410,China)
出处
《高电压技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期608-617,共10页
High Voltage Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(52177021)
深圳市基础研究(学科布局)(JCYJ20180508152044145)
南方电网重点科技项目(GZHKJXM20190110)。
关键词
密封材料
湿热老化
热老化
丁腈橡胶
老化机理
sealing material
damp heat aging
heat aging
nitrile butadiene rubber(NBR)
aging mechanism
