摘要
磷石膏堆存量巨大,通常含有大量稀土元素,是潜在的二次资源。加强磷石膏中稀土元素的回收利用研究,具有重要的经济与环境意义。本文从磷石膏中稀土元素赋存状态出发,对磷石膏中稀土元素溶解浸出研究进展进行了综述,对不同浸出剂浸出机理及影响因素等进行了总结分析。在此基础上,对磷石膏中稀土元素回收利用提出建议。磷石膏中稀土元素主要以类质同相赋存于磷石膏晶体中。当前研究中,磷石膏中稀土元素浸出主要以无机强酸为浸出剂,浸出率较高,但酸性强,可能产生二次污染;有机溶剂与盐溶液浸出率高,但成本较高,浸出后有机溶剂难于处理;有机弱酸与生物浸出对环境友好,但浸出效率较低。寻求磷石膏中稀土元素的有效浸出剂,实现磷石膏高附加值综合利用,是未来的研究方向。
The large stockpiling phosphogypsum,usually containing a lot of rare earth elements,is the potential secondary resource. It is of great economic and environmental significance to strengthen the research on the recovery of rare earth elements from phosphogypsum. Based on the occurrence state of rare earth elements in phosphogypsum,the research progress of rare earth elements leaching from phosphogypsum was reviewed,and the leaching mechanism and influencing factors of different leaching agents were summarized and analyzed. On this basis,some opinions and suggestions on the recovery of rare earth elements from phosphogypsum were suggested. Rare earth elements are mainly as isomorphism occurring in the lattice of phosphogypsum. At present,the leaching of rare earth elements from phosphogypsum mainly uses inorganic strong acid as leaching agent,of which the leaching efficiency is high,but the strong acidity may cause secondary pollution. The leaching efficiency of organic solvent and salt solution is high,but their costs are high,and the organic solvent is difficult to treat after its leaching. It is more environmentally friendly for the weak organic acid leaching and bioleaching,but their leaching efficiencies are low. To seek effective leaching agent of rare earth elements and realize high value-added comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum are the future research directions.
作者
夏亮亮
王玲
杨国华
李燊
刘淑贤
聂轶苗
范晨子
XIA Liangliang;WANG Ling;YANG Guohua;LI Shen;LIU Shuxian;NIE Yimiao;FAN Chenzi(School of Mining Engineering,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,China;Key Laboratory of Mining Development and Safety Technology of Hebei Province,Tangshan 063210,China;Hebei Fanshan Phosphorite Co.,Ltd.,Zhangjiakou 075000,China;Tang Steel International Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan 063000,China;National Geological Experiment and Testing Center,Beijing 100037,China)
出处
《金属矿山》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第2期126-134,共9页
Metal Mine
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:42002098,52004901)
河北省自然科学基金项目(编号:E2022209119,D20202090017)。
关键词
磷石膏
稀土元素
稀土赋存状态
浸出
phosphogypsum
rare earth elements
occurrence state of rare earth
leaching
