摘要
巨量的海相沉积磷矿不仅是磷的主要来源,而且还因其中大部分富含稀土元素而成为潜在的稀土资源。为更好地理解这类稀土的成矿规律、赋存状态和开发利用前景,本文利用XRD、SEM、LA-ICP-MS和TEM等分析手段,对贵州织金富稀土磷块岩进行研究。结果表明,稀土元素主要通过扩散作用从海水及孔隙水富集于纳米级磷灰石中。低沉积速率和纳米级磷灰石较大的比表面积均有利于稀土成矿;磷矿后期经历了低温还原性富F热液流体改造,改变了稀土元素的分布特征和配分模式,但这并非稀土富集主要原因;TEM分析显示,稀土元素主要以类质同象形式赋存于磷灰石晶格之中;稀土元素在磷灰石中晶格尺度赋存特点决定了只能对磷灰石进行分解破坏的提取方式。使用酸浸法将稀土元素作为伴生资源提取,是一种有效途径。
A large amount of marine sedimentary phosphorite is not only the main source of phosphorus,but also a considered potential REEs resource due to the enriched REEs in its majority.In order to better understand the metallogenic regularity,occurrence state and availability of REEs in the REEs-rich phosphorites,in this paper,the Zhijin phosphorites have been studied by using means of XRD,SEM,LA-ICP-MS and TEM.The results show that REEs were mainly enriched in nano-scale apatite particles by diffusion from paleo-seawater and pore water.Low deposition rate and large specific surface area of nano-scale apatite particles are favorable to the enrichment of REEs;The late stage low-temperature,reduced,F-rich hydrothermal fluid had reworked the phosphorite and changed its REEs distribution characteristics,but this was not the main cause of REEs enrichment;TEM data revealed that REEs mainly occurred in the apatite lattice in the form of isomorphism;The characteristics of occurrence state of REEs hosted in apatite at lattice scale had constrained the REEs extraction method of decomposition and destruction of apatite is only the one can be adapted.The REEs can be extracted as associated resources using the acid leaching method,which is an effective way for economic extraction of the REEs.
作者
邢介奇
张泽阳
鲜海洋
姜玉航
梁晓亮
谭伟
牛贺才
何宏平
朱建喜
XING Jie-qi;ZHANG Ze-yang;XIAN Hai-yang;JIANG Yu-hang;LIANG Xiao-liang;TAN Wei;NIU He-cai;HE Hong-ping;ZHU Jian-xi(CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science,Guangzhou 510640,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《矿物岩石地球化学通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期505-516,I0003,共13页
Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry
基金
广东省科技创新领军人才项目(2019TX05L169)。
关键词
贵州织金
磷块岩
稀土赋存状态
元素富集机制
稀土提取
Zhijin County in Guizhou Province
phosphorites
REEs occurrence state
REEs enrichment
REEs extraction
