摘要
目的:探讨终生高强度间歇运动(HIIT)和中等强度持续运动(MICT)对自然衰老小鼠运动能力和脂代谢的影响,为研究终生运动对脂代谢影响的机制提供理论依据与实验支撑。方法:5周龄雄性BALB/c小鼠,随机分为年轻安静组(YC组)、自然衰老安静组(OC组)、终生HIIT运动组(EH组)和终生MICT运动组(EM组),运动干预至72周龄后取材,检测各组小鼠身体形态指标、运动能力指标、血脂、肝脂含量及肝脏SREBP-1c、ACC、CPT1α等基因表达、FAS和CPT1α酶的活性。结果:与YC组比较,OC组小鼠体重、体长、肝脏重量均显著升高(P<0.05);血清TG、TC、LDL-C、FFA含量及肝脏TG、FFA含量、SREBP-1c、ACC基因表达、FAS酶的活性OC组都显著高于YC组(P<0.05);血清HDL-C含量和肝脏CPT1α基因和酶的活性OC组显著低于YC组。终生运动后,EH组和EM组小鼠最大跑速、最大抓力显著高于OC组小鼠,血清TG、TC、LDL-C、FFA含量和肝脏TG、FFA含量、SREBP-1c、ACC基因表达、FAS酶的活性都显著低于OC组小鼠,而血清HDL-C含量、肝脏CPT1α基因和酶的活性组显著低于OC组。结论:(1)终生运动可以有效的缓解增龄对身体形态的不良影响,终生HIIT和MICT运动的改善效应基本相同。(2)终生MICT和HIIT运动后,均能有效影响小鼠的最大跑速和最大抓力:在30周龄-54周龄,HIIT运动对小鼠最大跑速的影响优于MICT运动;而在60-72周龄MICT运动对小鼠最大跑速的维持效果略优于HIIT运动;HIIT和MICT运动均可以维持小鼠最大抓力不受年龄影响。(3)终生运动可以改善衰老脂代谢异常,促进老年健康,终生MICT运动改善肝脏脂质异常效果略优于终生HIIT运动,而终生HIIT运动改善血脂的效果稍好于终生MICT运动,其原因可能与终生运动提高了肝脏脂质氧化能力,降低脂质合成能力有关。但其具体机制还需进一步探讨。
Objective: To investigate the effects of life-long high intensity intermittent training(HIIT) and moderate intensity continuous training(MICT) on exercise capacity and lipid metabolism in naturally aging mice, and to provide theoretical basis and experimental support for the study of the mechanism of life-long exercise on lipid metabolism. Methods: Male BALB/C mice of aged 5 weeks were randomly divided into young quiet group(YC group), natural aging quiet group(OC group), life-long HIIT exercise group(EH group) and life-long MICT exercise group(EM group),exercise intervention time until the mice age of 72 weeks. Detected were in each group mice of Body shape index, exercise ability index, blood lipid and liver lipid content, in liver of SREBP-1c, ACC□CPT1α for gene expression and FAS□CPT1α enzyme activities. Results: Compared with YC group, the OC group of body weight, body length and liver weight were significantly increased(P < 0.05), and in the serum TG, TC, LDL-c and FFA content, in liver of TG and FFA content, the SREBP-1C, ACC of expression and the activity of FAS enzyme in OC group were significantly higher than YC group(P < 0.05). The content of serum HDL-c and the activities of CPT1α enzyme and expression in liver in OC group were significantly lower than those in YC group. After life-long exercise, the maximum running speed and maximum grip of mice in EH group and EM group were significantly higher than OC group, the content of TG, TC, LDL-C and FFA in serum, the content of TG and FFA in liver, the expression of SREBP-1C, ACC and the activity of FAS enzyme in EH group and EM group were significantly lower than OC group, but the serum HDL-C content, liver CPT1α gene expression and enzyme activity in EH and EM group were significantly higher than OC group. Conclusion:(1)Life-long exercise can effectively alleviate the adverse effects of aging on body shape,MICT is basically the same with HIIT improvement effect.(2)Both life-long exercise MICT and HIIT can effectively affect the maximum running speed and maximum grasping power of mice. At the aged of 30-54 weeks, HIIT exercise was better than MICT exercise on the maximum running speed. MICT exercise was slightly better than HIIT exercise on maintaining the maximum running speed in mice aged 60-72 weeks. Both HIIT and MICT exercise could maintain the maximum grasping strength of aging mice.( 3)Life-long exercise can improve the lipid metabolism and maintain the health of the aged. The effect of life-long moderate intensity continuous exercise on the improvement of liver lipid abnormality was slightly better than life-long high intensity intermittent exercise, while the effect of life-long high intensity intermittent exercise on the improvement of blood lipid was slightly better than life-long moderate intensity continuous exercise, which may be related to the improvement of liver lipid oxidation capacity and decrease of lipid synthesis capacity of life-long exercise.
作者
杨玲
彭团辉
徐晓阳
林文弢
YANG Ling;PENG Tuan-hui;XU Xiao-yang;LIN Wen-tao(School of Physical Education,Shaoguan University,Shaoguan 512005,China;Luohe Schoolof Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Luohe 462000,China;South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangzhou Institute of Physical Education,Guangzhou510500,China)
出处
《广州体育学院学报》
北大核心
2022年第3期23-33,共11页
Journal of Guangzhou Sport University
基金
国家体育总局决策咨询研究项目(2022-B-04)
韶关学院第二十二批教研课题(SYJY20211126)。
关键词
高强度间歇运动
中等强度持续运动
终生运动
脂代谢
运动能力
自然衰老
High Intensity Interval Training
Moderate Intensity Continuous Training
Life-long Exercise
Lipid Metabolism
Exercise Capacity
Naturally Aging
