摘要
为减少稻茬烤烟化肥氮的施用量,提高烟叶产量和质量,以云烟87为材料,研究施用腐植酸碳肥(全能有机碳肥、液态有机碳肥)后分别不减氮、减氮10%、减氮20%和不施腐植酸碳肥与不减氮(CK),对烤烟农艺性状和氮、磷、钾积累及烟叶理化特性、经济性状、氮肥偏生产力的影响。结果表明:施用腐植酸碳肥可增加烟株高度和有效叶片数,以液态有机碳肥促生长效果优于全能有机碳肥;减氮会降低烟叶干物质积累量、单叶质量和烟叶厚度、烟叶糖含量和降低烟叶烟碱、总氮含量;施用腐植酸碳肥,可提高烟叶干物质积累量和比例,提高氮、磷、钾积累量,增加单叶质量、烟叶糖和钾含量,降低烟碱和氯含量,且可提高上等烟比例、产量、产值、氮肥偏生产力和偏生产效率;与CK的上等烟比例、产量、产值、氮肥偏生产力、氮肥偏生产效率相比,施用全能有机碳肥后减氮10%可分别提高4.04%、6.54%、10.12%、27.89%、32.15%,施用液态有机碳肥后减氮20%可分别提高15.33%、2.87%、9.38%、28.61%、36.71%。在湖南稻茬烟区,推荐施用全能有机碳肥(45 kg/hm^(2))后减氮10%,施用液态有机碳肥(75 kg/hm^(2))后减氮20%。
In order to reduce the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer in tobacco-rice rotation area and improve the yield and quality of tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.),using Yunyan87 as the material,7 treatments including humic acid fertilizers(all-round organic carbon fertilizer and liquid organic carbon fertilizer)respectively with no nitrogen reduction,nitrogen reduction by 10%,nitrogen reduction by 20%and a blank control(CK)were designed to study the effects of different treatments on the agronomic characteristics,the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,the physical and chemical properties of tobacco leaves,economic characteristics of tobacco,and on the partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer.The results showed that the application of humic acid fertilizer could improve the agronomic characteristics(plant height and leaf number)of flue-cured tobacco,and liquid organic carbon fertilizer showed better growth improve effect compared to all-round organic carbon fertilizer.Nitrogen reduction could decrease dry matter accumulation,single leaf weight and leaf thickness,increase sugar content and decrease contents of nicotine and total nitrogen.Humic acid fertilizer application increased the accumulation and percentage of dry matter,increased the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of tobacco leaves,increased the weight of single leaf,the sugar and potassium content of tobacco leaves,decreased the nicotine and chlorine content of the tobacco leaves,improve the proportion of high-quality tobacco,the yields,the output value,the nitrogen partial factor productivity and the nitrogen partial production efficiency.Compared to CK,the proportion of high-quality tobacco,yield,output value,nitrogen partial factor productivity and nitrogen partial production efficiency in treatment with all-round organic carbon fertilizer with 10%nitrogen reduction respectively increased by 4.04%,6.54%,10.12%,27.89%and 32.15%;while the proportion of high-quality tobacco,yield,output value,nitrogen partial factor productivity and nitrogen partial production efficiency in treatment with liquid organic carbon fertilizer with 20%nitrogen reduction respectively increased by 15.33%,2.87%,9.38%,28.16%and 36.71%.For the rice-tobacco rotation in Hunan province,it is recommended to apply all-round organic carbon fertilizer(45 kg/hm^(2))with 10%nitrogen reduction or apply liquid organic carbon fertilizer(75 kg/hm^(2))with 20%nitrogen reduction.
作者
黄琼慧
肖汉乾
肖艳松
江智敏
徐均华
胡庆辉
向清慧
邓小华
HUANG Qionghui;XIAO Hanqian;XIAO Yansong;JIANG Zhimin;XU Junhua;HU Qinghui;XIANG Qinghui;DENG Xiaohua(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;China Tobacco Mid-South Agriculture Experience Station,Changsha,Hunan 410004,China;Chenzhou Tobacco,Hunan Tobacco Company,Chenzhou,Hunan 423000,China;China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co.Ltd,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310008,China)
出处
《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期520-527,共8页
Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)
基金
湖南省烟草专卖局项目(19-22Aa03)。
关键词
稻茬烤烟
减氮
腐植酸碳肥
烤烟生长
烟叶质量
paddy-tobacco
nitrogen reduction
humic acid carbon fertilizer
tobacco growth
tobacco leaf quality
