摘要
用户同意是互联网企业收集、处理个人信息的前提,是个人信息保护的核心要素之一,因此各国互联网企业大多会在隐私协议中内置同意条款。为了满足数据合规的要求,隐私协议往往会详细而冗长,加之互联网行业各领域普遍的垄断,用户出于经济理性,通常不会阅读隐私协议,当然也包括其中的同意条款。但是,各国为保证用户自决的实现,往往要求同意需要以知情为前提,一般要求用户给予明示同意。然而,用户普遍不阅读隐私协议的现实,使“同意”浮于表面,却给予企业形式上的合规,不仅无法起到保护个人信息的作用,反而可以令企业藉此逃避监管。因此,需要正视同意条款无法适应时代的现实,在利用同意条款督促企业形式合规之余,还需要出台统一完善的必要信息国家标准;支持企业以扩展业务、经济激励等形式满足信息收集的需求;推进个人信息公益诉讼制度等措施来弥补同意条款的失效;并且仍需维持企业的创新活力。
Users’consent is a prerequisite for Internet companies to collect and process personal information and is one of the core elements of personal information protection.Therefore,Internet companies around the world will include consent clauses in their privacy agreements.In order to meet the requirements of data compliance,privacy agreements are often detailed and lengthy.In considering the prevalent monopoly in various fields of the Internet industry,users usually do not read the privacy agreements out of economic rationality.Of course,they also include the terms of consent.In order to ensure the realization of user self-determination,countries often require consent to be informed,and generally require users’explicit consent.However,the fact that users generally do not read privacy agreements makes"consent"meaninglessand gives enterprises formal compliance,which not only fails to protect personal information,but also allows enterprises to evade supervision.Therefore,it is necessary to face up to the fact that users’consent clause cannot meet the needs of the reality of the times.Apart from using the clause of consent to urge enterprises to comply with regulations,it is also necessary to introduce unified and complete national standards for necessary information,support enterprises to meet the needs of information collection in the form of extended business and economic incentives,promote measures such as the personal information public interest litigation system to compensate for the invalidity of the consent clause,and still maintain the innovative vitality of the enterprise.
作者
吕湛
LV ZHAN(Graduate School of China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing,100088,China)
关键词
隐私协议
同意条款
形式合规
privacy agreement
consent clause
formal compliance
