摘要
为探究荷斯坦犊牛初生重的影响因素,本研究利用最小二乘模型对江苏省某牛场2017-2019年20586条产犊记录进行统计分析。结果表明:初产月龄、产犊季节、妊娠期长短、胎次、精液类型和受胎季节对荷斯犊牛初生重均有极显著影响(P<0.01)。其中,母牛初产月龄为28~30月龄时犊牛初生重最高,初产月龄在26月龄以下时犊牛初生重较低;母牛春季产犊时的犊牛初生重最高,夏季产犊时犊牛初生重最低;母牛妊娠期为281~300d的犊牛初生重最高,妊娠期在270d以下时犊牛初生重较低;母牛第4胎产犊时犊牛初生重最高,第1胎产犊时犊牛初生重最低;使用性控精液的犊牛初生重低于普通精液;母牛夏季受胎时犊牛初生重最大,秋季受胎时犊牛初生重最小。本研究结果为荷斯坦犊牛培育和生产性能的提高提供了科学依据。
In order to explore the factors affecting the birth weight of Holstein calves,the least squares model was used to collect the 20586 calving records from a dairy farm in Jiangsu province from 2017 to 2019,to explore the effects of the age for first calving,calving season,gestation period,parity,sexing semen and conception season on the birth weight of Holstein calves.The results showed that the age for first calving,calving season,gestation period,parity,sexing semen and conception season had significant effects on the birth weight of Holstein calves(P<0.01).Among,calf birth weight is highest when Holstein cows calving at 28 to 30 months old,while the calf birth weight is lower when Holstein cows calving under 26 months old.Calf birth weight is highest when Holstein cows calving in spring,while the calf birth weight is lowest when Holstein cows calving in summer.Calf birth weight is highest when gestation period of Holstein cows between 281 d and 300 d,and lower when gestation period of Holstein cows under the 270 d.Calf birth weight is highest when birth with parity 4,and lowest when birth with parity 1.Calf birth weight is lowest when used sexing semen.Calf birth weight is highest when conception season of Holstein cows was in summer,and lowest when conception season of Holstein cows was in autumn.The results provide scientific basis for improvement on lactation performance of Holstein cows.
作者
代旭
周福振
周部
王海洋
张强
梁艳
杨章平
毛永江
DAI Xu;ZHOU Fu-zhen;ZHOU Bu;WANG Hai-yang;ZHANG Qiang;LIANG Yan;YANG Zhang-ping;MAO Yong-jiang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009;Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety,Ministry of Education,Yangzhou 225009)
出处
《中国奶牛》
2021年第7期33-37,共5页
China Dairy Cattle
基金
江苏省高等学校自然科学研究项目(18KJA230003)
国家自然科学基金(31972555)
2019年度省级现代农业发展项目(2019-SJ-039-08-04)
江苏省“六大人才高峰”项目(NY-093)
江苏现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系项目(JATS[2018]300)。
关键词
荷斯坦牛
犊牛
初生重
影响因素
Holstein cows
Calf birth weight
Affecting factors
