摘要
目的了解城市围绝经期妇女绝经综合征的发生现状及分析相关影响因素,为进一步加强围绝经期妇女的保健工作提供理论依据。方法纳入2019年2月—2020年2月就诊于广州市妇女儿童医疗中心中西医妇科门诊、天河及越秀区某社区的40~60岁女性共1013名,采用问卷调查及Kupperman评分表收集出生日期,月经情况(初潮、绝经年龄等),孕产史,既往疾病史,身高、体质量,工作性质、家庭收入及个性等特征。结果1013例妇女的平均年龄是(47.70±4.95)岁,已绝经267例,未绝经女性中月经规律458例、月经紊乱288例,平均绝经年龄(49.49±3.26)岁。Kupperman评分超过15分(即诊断为绝经综合征)392例(38.7%),其中轻度(15~20分)222例(56.63%),中度(21~35分)162例(41.33%),重度(>35分)8例(2.04%)。多因素Logistic回归分析表明,有慢性疾病较无慢性疾病史,月经紊乱、绝经较月经规律,家庭情况一般较和睦女性出现围绝经期症状风险升高,未观察到婚姻状况、个性特征、上班时长、社会适应、负性事件经历与围绝经期症状的出现相关。结论广州城市存在绝经综合征的女性以轻中度为主,有慢性疾病、月经紊乱、绝经、家庭关系一般女性的绝经综合征发生风险较高,故应重视对全社会进行围绝经相关知识的宣教,重视家庭关系的和谐维护,当围绝经期妇女出现相关症状须及时寻求帮助,以保障广大围绝经期妇女顺利度过围绝经期阶段。
Objective To investigate the menopause symptoms and factors of the premenopausal women in urban areas,and thereby provide theoretical basis for their health care.Methods The research data was collected from 1013 patients(age between 40-60)in the gynecology clinic and adult traditional Chinese medicine clinic in Guangzhou Women and Children s Medical Center,and the communities in Tian he and Yue xiu during February 2019—February 2020.By applying the questionnaire and Kupperman score table,the survey was conducted on the dates of birth,menstruations,times of menarche and menopause,records on pregnancy and childbirth,previously diagnosed diseases,heights,weights,classifications of work,family incomes,and personalities,etc.Results The average age of the 1013 women was 47.70±4.95.Among them,267 were with menopause(happening in 49.49±3.26 years old),458 had regular menstruation,while 288 were with menstrual disorder.In the Kupperman scale,the scores of 392 cases(38.7%)were above 15,which can be diagnosed with menopause symptoms.Among them,the majority(222 cases,56.63%)were with slight symptoms(15-20 scores),followed by 162 cases(41.33%)with moderate symptoms(21-35 scores),and 8 cases(2.04%)with severe symptoms(above 35 scores)respectively.Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that compared with women having satisfactory family relationship,participants suffering from chronic diseases,menstrual disorder,and poor family relationships,had higher risks of perimenopause.However,it had no relations with the marital status,personalities,working hours,social adaptabilities,and negative life events.Conclusion Guangzhou urban women with menopause symptoms are mainly slight and moderate.Participants with chronic diseases,menstrual disorders and poor family relationships are at a higher risk of having menopause symptoms.Therefore,it is recommended to popularize the knowledge of menopause in the society and attach importance to the maintenance of satisfactory family relationship.When perimenopausal women have relevant symptoms,they should seek medical help in time thus they can smoothly pass the peri-menopausal stage.
作者
陈粮
谢蓬蓬
钟毅征
刘晓青
刘红姣
曾晓琴
李萍
易艳萍
CHEN Liang;XIE Pengpeng;ZHONG Yizheng;LIU Xiaoqing;LIU Hongjiao;ZENG Xiaoqin;LI Ping;YI Yanping(Department of Gynecology,Guangzhou Women and Children s Medical Center,Guangzhou 510623,China)
出处
《广州医药》
2021年第3期97-103,130,共8页
Guangzhou Medical Journal
基金
广东省中医药局项目(20192076)。
关键词
围绝经期
绝经综合征
相关因素
Perimenopause
Menopause symptoms
Factors analysis
