摘要
【目的】分析拜占庭问题的应用,梳理联盟链共识机制的相关研究。【文献范围】以Consensus Mechanisms和共识机制为检索词,分别检索WoS、ResearchGate、arXiv以及中国知网,人工筛选联盟链共识机制相关的文献,最终选取74篇相关文献。【方法】梳理区块链共识机制及其分类方法,回顾拜占庭问题在分布式领域的应用,研究强共识的共识机制和授权共识机制。【结果】总结拜占庭问题、布鲁尔定理、拜占庭系统和拜占庭容错机制的发展过程以及内在联系;提出联盟链共识机制的基本流程和评价标准;基于安全性和时延性将联盟链共识机制分为4类。【局限】理论上可用于联盟链的共识机制较多,本文未全部展开介绍。【结论】联盟链共识机制的研究推进了区块链的落地实践,从容错能力、通信时延、转换效率等维度改进共识机制是联盟链共识机制未来的研究方向。
[Objective] This paper analyzes the application of Byzantine problem and reviews related research on the consensus mechanisms of consortium blockchain. [Coverage] We searched"consensus mechanisms"as keywords from the titles or topics of Wo S, Research Gate, ar Xiv and CNKI databases. A total of 74 papers were retrieved. [Methods] We reviewed the consensus mechanism and classification method of the blockchain. Then,we explored the applications of Byzantine problem, and discussed the strong and permissioned consensus mechanisms. [Results] We summarized the developments and ties of Byzantine problem, Brewer’s theorem,Byzantine system and Byzantine fault-tolerant mechanism. We also proposed the basic procedures and evaluation criteria for consensus mechanisms of consortium blockchain. Finally, we divided the consensus mechanism into four categories based on security and time delay. [Limitations] This paper did not cover all consensus mechanisms for consortium blockchain. [Conclusions] The research on consensus mechanism promotes the implementation of blockchain, which could be improved from fault tolerance, communication delay and conversion efficiency in the future studies.
作者
冷基栋
吕学强
姜阳
李果林
Leng Jidong;Lv Xueqiang;Jiang Yang;Li Guolin(Beijing Key Laboratory of Internet Culture and Digital Dissemination Research,Beijing Information Science and Technology University,Beijing 100101,China;Sunego(Beijing)Technology Limited Company,Beijing 100036,China)
出处
《数据分析与知识发现》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期56-65,共10页
Data Analysis and Knowledge Discovery
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:61671070)的研究成果之一。
关键词
授权共识机制
联盟链
区块链
拜占庭问题
共识机制分类
强共识
Permissioned Consensus Mechanism
Consortium Blockchain
Blockchain
Byzantine Problem
Classification of Consensus Mechanism
Strong Consensus
