摘要
目的为了解宁波市医疗机构医疗照射应用现状,对辖区内医疗机构医疗照射应用情况进行调查,为提高医疗照射正当性和降低其辐射危害提供依据。方法采用统一设计的调查表,通过信息存储系统数据导出与人工登记相结合的方法,对宁波市2017年4月1日-2018年3月31日所有开展放射诊疗的医疗机构的基本情况和放射诊疗频度情况进行调查。结果对宁波市451家医疗机构开展调查,共有放射诊疗设备1 298台,其中放疗设备14台,核医学设备5台,均在三级医院。牙科机439台,占X线影像诊断设备的35.37%,主要集中在口腔专科医疗机构。CT机105台,主要集中在三级医院;年度放射诊疗人次数为8 286 922,总医疗照射应用频度为1 036.47人次/千人。常规X线诊断频度最高(604.23人次/千人),占比58.30%;核医学诊疗频度最低(1.96人次/千/年),占比0.19%;CT应用频度位列第二(330.77人次/千人),但远高于其他医疗照射。地区分布中,鄞州区频度最高(566.6人次/千人),宁海县频度最低(652.15人次/千人)。结论宁波市医疗机构放射诊疗资源相对充足;医疗照射频度在国内处于较高水平,但监管模式远落后于发达国家;三级医院放射诊疗应用频次最多,私营口腔诊所增长速度快。建议加强监管,将医疗照射控制在合理范围内;并建立医疗照射监测与剂量优化体系,实现基于大数据的医疗照射动态管理。
Objective To understand the current situation of medical irradiation application in medical institutions in Ningbo City, and to conduct the investigation and analysis on the application of medical irradiation in local medical institutions. In order to provide the basis for improving the legitimacy of medical irradiation and reducing its radiation hazards. Methods Some unified questionnaires were used to investigate the basic situations and frequency of radiological diagnosis and treatment in all medical institutions in Ningbo City from April 1, 2017 to March 31, 2018, through the method of data export of information storage system combined with manual registration.Results A total of 451 medical institutions in Ningbo City were investigated, with a total of 1 298 radiation diagnosis and treatment equipments, including 14 radiotherapy equipments and 5 nuclear medical equipments, all of which were in tertiary hospitals. There were 439 dental machines, accounting for 35.37% of X-ray imaging diagnosis equipments, mainly concentrated in dental specialized medical institutions. There were 105 CT equipments, mainly concentrated in tertiary hospitals. The annual number of radiation diagnosis and treatment was 8 286 922 person-times;and the total application frequency of medical exposure was 1036.47 person-times/1000 persons. The frequency of routine X-ray diagnosis was the highest(604.23 person-times/1000 persons), which accounted for 58.30%;while the frequency of nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment was the lowest(1.96 person-times/1000 persons/year), which accounted for 0.19%;the frequency of CT application ranked the second(330.77 person-times/1000 persons), which was still much higher than other medical irradiation. For regional distribution, the highest frequency was in Yinzhou District(566.6 person-times/1000 persons), and the lowest frequency was in Ninghai County(652.15 person-times/1000 persons). Conclusion The resources of radiological diagnosis and treatment in Ningbo medical institutions are relatively abundant;the frequency of medical exposure is at a high level in China, but the regulatory model lags far behind developed countries;the radiology diagnosis and treatment are used most frequently in tertiary hospitals;private dental clinics are growing rapidly. It is suggested that supervision should be strengthened to control medical exposure at a reasonable low level. The system of medical radiation monitoring and dose optimization should be established to realize the dynamic management of medical irradiation based on big data.
作者
屈凌燕
应正巨
章群
王爱红
王群利
QU Ling-yan;YING Zheng-ju;ZHANG Qun;WANG Ai-hong;WANG Qun-li(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Ningbo,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315010,China)
出处
《中国公共卫生管理》
2020年第5期740-743,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Management
关键词
医疗照射
放射诊疗
应用频度
medical irradiation
radiological diagnosis and treatment
application frequency
