摘要
目的了解浙江省平湖市药品不良反应(ADR)发生特点及引发ADR的相关因素。方法汇总2017年至2019年上报国家药品不良反应监测中心的2232例ADR报告,按患者性别、年龄、原患疾病、给药途径、药品种类、ADR累及器官/系统及主要临床表现等进行分析。结果发生ADR的患者以女性偏多(55.65%),年龄(58.08±20.80)岁;原患疾病为呼吸系统疾病最多(462例,20.70%);静脉给药占83.78%;引起ADR的药品种类以抗菌药物(31.40%)居首位,其中以氟喹诺酮类最多(39.55%),发生ADR最多的单一品种是左氧氟沙星注射液/剂(12.90%);ADR累及器官/系统以皮肤(24.46%)最多,主要表现为斑丘疹、荨麻疹、皮疹、湿疹、剥落性皮炎、皮肤潮红、瘙痒等。结论引发ADR的因素较多,临床应特别重视中老年人用药安全。通过合理选择给药途径,重点监控抗菌药物及辅助药品的使用,及时上报ADR,可有效保障患者用药安全。
Objective To investigate the characteristics and risk factors of adverse drug reactions( ADR) in Pinghu,Zhejiang.Methods A total of 2 232 cases of ADR reported to the National Center for ADR Monitoring from January 2017 to December 2019 were statistically analyzed in terms of gender,age,original disease,route of administration,organs involved and clinical manifestation.Results The patients with ADR were more females( 55. 65%) and aged( 58. 08 ± 20. 80) years old. The original disease was mostly respiratory disease( 462 cases,20. 70%),and intravenous administration accounted for 83. 78%. Antibacterial drugs( 31. 40%) ranked first in the types of drugs that caused ADR. Among them,fluoroquinolones were the most( 39. 55%). The single species that had the most ADR was levofloxacin injection/dose( 12. 90%). Skin( 24. 46%) was the most involved organ/system in ADR,and the main manifestations were maculopapular rash,urticaria,rash,eczema,exfoliative dermatitis,skin flushing,and itching. Conclusion There are many factors that trigger ADR,and the clinical safety of middle-aged and elderly people should be paid special attention to. By rationally choosing the route of administration,focusing on monitoring the use of antibacterial drugs and auxiliary drugs,and reporting the ADR to superior institutions in a timely manner,the safe medication of patients can be effectively guaranteed.
作者
钟玉娟
ZHONG Yujuan(Pinghu City Food and Drug Testing Center·Pinghu City Adverse Drug Reaction Supervision Station,Jiaxing,Zhejiang,China 314200)
出处
《中国药业》
CAS
2020年第16期33-36,共4页
China Pharmaceuticals
关键词
药品不良反应
监测
安全用药
药事管理
adverse drug reaction
monitoring
safe medication
pharmaceutical management
