摘要
“教材”和“学材”是两种不同的教材观。“教材”观着重“教教材”,教材等同于教学本身;“学材”观强调“用教材教”,教材是开展教学的手段和载体。从“教材”到“学材”的教材观变化,集中体现在教材的组织编排、内容选择和知识呈现等方面。从“教学意识”向“课程意识”的教学观转变、从“层级结构”到“网状结构”的知识观确立、从“客体我”到“主体我”的学生观重塑,是教材观变化的重要原因。超越传统知识本位的教材观,建构以学生为中心的教材观,需要设计基于理解的教材单元,培养教师的教学转化能力,构建基于学生学习体验的教材评价标准。
“Teaching material”and“learning material”reler two dilferent views of textbook.The view of teaching materiallocuses on teaching textbooks,while textbook is equivalent to the teaching itself.The view of learning material emphasizes teaching with textbooks,while textbook is the means and carrier of teaching.The change lrom the view of teaching material to learning material is mainly reflected in the organization,content selection and knowledge presentation.The change ol teaching view from teaching consciousness to course consciousness,the establishment of knowledge view from“hierarchical structure”to“net structure”,and the reshaping of student view from“object-self”to“subject-self”are signilicant reasons for the change of the view of textbook.There are three major requirements lor constructing the student-centered view of textbook that is beyond the traditional knowledge-based view:designing textbook units based on understanding,cultivating teachers'translormation ability,and constructing the textbook criterion based on student experience.
作者
李志超
Li Zhichao(College of Teacher Education,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua Zhejiang 321004,China)
出处
《课程．教材．教法》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第8期25-31,共7页
Curriculum，Teaching Material and Method
基金
国家社科基金2019年度教育学一般课题“数字时代的知识变革与教材编制研究”(BHA190121)
浙江省高校重大人文社科攻关计划项目“数字时代知识生产的范式转换、传播路径与创新机制研究”(2018QN004)。
关键词
“教材”
“学材”
教材观
teaching material
learning material
view of textbook
