摘要
目的了解澳门在学青少年攻击行为现状、特征以及物质滥用对攻击行为发生的影响。方法于2018年9—12月,采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,对中国澳门地区中小学生进行问卷调查,使用攻击行为调查量表和物质滥用测量方法,对澳门在学青少年的攻击行为和物质滥用状况进行评估。结果本次调查对象共3 664人,澳门在学青少年攻击行为平均总得分为(36.40±19.23)分,其中被动性攻击行为平均得分为(19.94±9.86)分,主动性攻击行为平均得分为(16.46±10.05)分,被动性攻击得分高于主动性攻击。单因素分析结果显示,澳门在学青少年攻击行为得分的年级差异有统计学意义(P <0.001),初中年级学生的攻击行为得分高于小学和高中年级;在学青少年攻击行为得分因学习成绩而异且有统计学意义(P <0.001),学习成绩较好的在学青少年攻击行为得分低于学习成绩差者;主观生活满意度与在学青少年攻击行为得分显著相关(P=0.005),生活满意度较高的在学青少年攻击行为得分更低。多因素线性回归结果显示,曾经饮酒次数(P=0.012)、最近1个月饮酒频率(P <0.001)、最近1个月吸烟频率(P <0.001)、最近1个月吸食毒品频率(P=0.027)是影响在学青少年攻击行为的重要因素。结论澳门在学青少年的被动性攻击行为水平高于主动性攻击行为,物质滥用是攻击行为衍生的风险因素,需要家庭、学校、政府和社会共同行动以预防和减少青少年攻击行为的发生。
Objective To examine prevalence characteristics of aggression behavior and the association of substance abuse with aggression behavior among schooling adolescents in Macao Special Administrative Region(Macao).Methods We conducted a self-administered anonymous questionnaire survey among 4306 primary and high school students selected using stratified multistage cluster sampling in Macao,China from September to December 2018.Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire(RPQ)and a questionnaire on demographics and smoking,alcohol drinking and drug abuse were adopted in the survey.Results For a total of 3664 valid respondents,the average overall score of aggression behavior was 36.40±19.23 and the average score of reactive aggression was higher than that of proactive aggression(19.94±9.86 vs.16.46±10.05).Univariate analysis demonstrated that the aggressive behavior scores of the respondents differed significantly by schooling grade and academic performance(both P<0.001);the scores of junior high school students was higher than that of pupils and senior high school students;the scores of students with better academic performance was lower than that of students with poor academic performance.The respondents′subjective life satisfaction was significantly correlated with their aggressive behavior scores(P=0.005),with a lower score among the respondents with higher subjective life satisfaction.Multivariate linear regression indicated that accumulated times of alcohol drinking(P=0.012),the frequency of alcohol drinking in previous one month(P<0.001),the frequency of smoking in previous one month(P<0.001),and the frequency of drug use in previous one month(P=0.027)were significant influencing factors of aggression behavior among the respondents.Conclusion The prevalence of reactive aggression behavior is higher than that of proactive aggression and substance abuse is a significant risk factor for aggressive behavior among schooling adolescents in Macao.Comprehensive interventions should be promoted to reduce aggressive behavior in the adolescents.
作者
王殿玺
李德
冯乐安
WANG Dian-xi;LI De;FENG Le-an(Postdoctoral Research Station,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China;不详)
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期924-928,共5页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
关键词
澳门
在学青少年
攻击行为
物质滥用
Macao Special Administrative Region
schooling adolescents
aggressive behavior
substance abuse
