摘要
人口老龄化现已成为诸多国家关注的世界性问题之一,日本在这些国家中尤为突出且已迈入高龄化社会,人口高龄化面临着劳动力不足、经济发展缓慢、社会保障费用膨胀等巨大挑战。如何预防人口高龄化,保障社会稳定及可持续性发展是各国即将面对的社会难题。基于日本人口老龄化的特征及产生的原因,分析了存在的问题以及发展的趋势,反思教训探讨了人口出生率、平均期望寿命、社会抚养比等指标的阈值监测作为社会高龄化风险预警机制,以促进社会保障及经济运行平稳可持续发展。
The population aging has become one of the world problems concerned by many countries,especially Japan,which has entered into an aging society.The aging society is facing huge challenges such as insufficient labor force,slow economic development and inflation of social security costs.How to prevent the aging society and ensure social stability and sustainable development are the social problems that many countries will face.Firstly,this paper discusses the characteristics and causes of population aging in Japan,analyzes existing problems and trends of development,reflects and discusses the birth rate,average life expectancy,social dependency ratio and other indicators as an early-warning mechanism for the risk of elderly society,so as to promote the steady and sustainable development of social security and economic operation.
作者
杨贤芳
YANG Xian-fang(Department of Life Care Science of Graduate School,Nishikyushu University,Kanzaki 842-8585,Japan;School of Marxism,Anhui Sanlian University,Hefei 230601,China)
出处
《合肥学院学报（综合版）》
2019年第6期51-56,共6页
Journal of Hefei University：Comprehensive ED
关键词
人口老龄化
高龄化
社会保障
少子化
养老保险
抚养比
日本
population aging
elderly society
social security
sub-replacement fertility
endowment insurance
dependency ratio
Japan
