摘要
为探究中国库存大麦种质资源的表型多样性及其变异规律,同时挑选高生物产量的大麦遗传资源发展饲草大麦,本研究以来源于全国不同地区的102份库存高秆大麦种质为材料,通过Shannon-Weaver多样性指数、相关分析、聚类分析、主成分分析等方法对15个表型性状进行综合评价。结果表明:15个性状中拔节期底部叶片黄化、倒伏性、灌浆期底部叶片黄化、千粒重变异较大,粒宽、株高变异较小,表型多样性指数范围为0.729~0.957,皮裸性、千粒重、籽粒周长、灌浆期株高等性状的遗传多样性较高。不同来源种质间表型多样性比较结果表明,冬大麦生态区表型多样性(0.721)高于西南及青藏高原裸大麦生态区(0.706)。相关分析、主成分分析、聚类分析均表明,皮裸性是影响大麦种质表型差异的重要影响因素,而倒伏、拔节期和灌浆期底部叶片黄化等饲草相关性状相对独立。聚类分析将102份种质分为4类,相同来源地的种质聚在一起。本研究结果表明中国库存大麦种质资源具有丰富的表型多样性,从中筛选的高秆、大叶、抗倒伏等优异性状的大麦资源,为后续培育青饲、青贮专用型大麦品种提供了资源保障。
Cultivated barley(Hordeum vulgare L.ssp.vulgare)is one of oldest domesticated crops and four most important cereal species.In addition to end-use for animal feeding,malting and human diets using barley grains,the straw of cultivated barley serves as a silage grass for animals in some parts of barley cultivation areas(e.g.Tibet).In order to identify elite barley resources in future breeding for silage barley varieties,this study analyzed the phenotypic variation 102 barley germplasm accessions from National Crop Genebank of China in Chongqing,south-west part of China.We determined the phenotypic variation on 15 traits and conducted statistical analysis using Shannon-Weaver Index,correlation analysis,cluster analysis and PCA analysis.These results suggested that the Shannon-Weaver Index(H′)ranged from 0.729 to 0.957.The higher phenotypic variation was detected on leaf yellowing at heading and filling stages,plant lodging and 1000-grain weight,but the narrowed diversity was found on grain width and plant height.In addition,we found that the phenotypic diversity of winter barley ecological region(0.721)was slightly higher than that of southwest and Tibet Plateau region(0.706).Four subpopulations were clarified by clustering analysis,being consistent with the geographic origins of tested materials.Moreover,a number of barley germplasm resources,which showed high plant height,lodging resistance,large leaves,staying green of old leaves,were identified.These elite barley germplasms might become useful potentially in breeding for silage barley varieties in areas of Chongqing,China.
作者
蔡羽
杨平
冯宗云
CAI Yu;YANG Ping;Feng Zong-yun(Colleague of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130;Institute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期920-931,共12页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
中国农业科学院基本科研业务费(S2018YC01,S2018PY03)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-05)~~
关键词
大麦
饲草大麦
种质资源
表型多样性
barley
silage barley
germplasm resources
phenotypic diversity
