摘要
抽水蓄能电站的顶盖螺栓对于机组的安全运行起至关重要的作用。由于高强钢具有较强的缺口敏感性,因此螺栓选材时,在结构布置能满足的条件下,尽量避免选用等级过高的螺栓。螺栓设计时,应确定甩负荷工况为设计工况,保证螺栓的预紧安全系数大于2的前提下计算螺栓的总载荷,同时采用螺栓的材料安全系数为1.5计算螺栓的直径。在此基础上需要进行疲劳校核合格。螺栓在安装时,应控制预紧应力不小于工作应力的2倍,同时不超过材料屈服极限的50%~60%。螺栓制造过程中应严格控制锻造和热处理过程,对加工前的坯料进行超声波检测,加工后的螺栓进行磁粉和渗透检测。
The header bolts of pumped storage power station are crucial to the safe operation of the unit. In the condition of that the structure arrangement can be satisfied,it is necessary to avoid the selection of high grade bolts which with higher notch sensitivity. On the premise of load rejection condition is determined as the design condition during bolts design,the diameter of the bolt can be calculated when the preloaded safety factor and the material safety factor are set higher than 2 and 1.5 respectively. Based on the bolt diameter calculation,the result of the fatigue check must be qualified. The preloaded stress should be controlled not less than twice the work stress,and not exceed 50% to 60% of the yield limit of the material during the bolts installation. In the process of bolt manufacturing,the forging and heat treatment process should be strictly controlled,and the pre-processing material should be tested by ultrasonic,and the magnetic testing and penetrant testing should be carried out after machine work.
作者
赵强
徐亚楠
曹佳丽
丁景焕
ZHAO Qiang;XU Yanan;CAO Jiali;DING Jinghuan(Technology Center, State Grid Xinyuan Companyltd, Beijing 100061, China)
出处
《水电与抽水蓄能》
2018年第2期30-36,26,共8页
Hydropower and Pumped Storage
关键词
顶盖螺栓
缺口敏感性
预紧安全系数
疲劳校核
预紧力
超声检测
渗透检测
磁粉检测
header bolt
notch sensitivfactor
fatigue check
preloaded forcepenetrant testing
magnetic testing preloaded safetytrasonic testing
