摘要
【目的】探讨白粉病、黑斑病在不同食用玫瑰品种上的田间发生规律及影响因素。【方法】以昆明地区种植的8个食用玫瑰品种为研究对象,采用定时定点调查的方法。【结果】白粉病发生程度在田间呈现先上升后下降的趋势,6月下旬开始发生,发病峰值为7月下旬到8月中旬,随着雨季高峰的到来,病级不升反降逐渐减轻至病症消失,后期不再发病。黑斑病发生程度在田间呈现不断增加的趋势,4月下旬开始发生,发病高峰为7月下旬,病级持续直至叶片落完。【结论】不同食用玫瑰品种病害发生程度存在差异,白粉病主要发生在安宁八街玫瑰、墨红玫瑰和紫枝玫瑰上,其余品种均未发病。黑斑病主要发生在安宁八街玫瑰、墨红玫瑰、金边玫瑰、百叶玫瑰、大马士革玫瑰、苦水玫瑰,紫枝玫瑰上,而平阴玫瑰发病最轻,为黑斑病的高抗品种。温度和降雨量是影响食用玫瑰白粉病、黑斑病发生的主要因素,根据气候条件提前预防可有效控制这两种病害发生。
【Objective】The occurrence regularity and influence factors of powdery mildew and black spot among Rosa rugosa were studied.【Method】8 varieties of Rosa rugosa in Kunming city were used as experimental materials,timing and fixed-point investigation were used as experimental methods. 【Result】The trend of the severity of powdery mildew in the field was increasing at early time and decreasing later.The peak incidence of the powdery mildew was from late July to mid August,despite the occurrence of the disease was in the late June. With the advent of the peak rainy season,the powdery mildew gradually disappeared and no longer occurred in the late period. However,the severity of black spot in the field showed a rising trend and the disease level continued until the fall of leaves of Rosa rugosa,which the occurrence of this disease was in the late April and the peak incidence of the disease was in late July.【Conclusion】There were differences in the severity of these diseases among different varieties of Rosa rugosa in Kunming city. The Rosa chinensis‘An Ning Ba Jie,Rosa chinensis‘Crimson Glory'and Rosa rugosa‘Purple Branch'were easily infected with powdery mildew while the rest of the varieties were resistant to the disease. These varieties included the Rosa chinensis‘An Ning Ba Jie',Rosa chinensis‘Crimson Glory',Rosa chinensis‘Fu Min Jin Bian',Rosa centifolia,Rosa damascene,Rosa rugosa‘Ku Shui',and Rosa rugosa‘Purple Branch'were seriously infected with black spot while Rosa rugosa‘Tang purple'exhibited high resistance to black spot. Temperature and rainfall were the main factors which had affected the occurrence of powdery mildew and black spot of Rosa rugosa in Kunming city. In other words,early prevention could effectively control the occurrence of these two diseases according to the climatic conditions.
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期94-98,共5页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
昆明市农业科学研究院"食用玫瑰安全高效栽培技术研究及示范"
关键词
食用玫瑰
白粉病
黑斑病
发生规律
影响因素
Rosa rugosa
Powdery mildew
Black spot
Occurrence regularity
Influence factor
