摘要
目的调查医院获得性肺炎(HAP)与社区获得性肺炎(CAP)病原菌分布及耐药性近5年变化趋势。方法通过回顾性分析方法,对某院2011年1月-2015年12月HAP和CAP病原菌分布及药敏结果进行统计分析并作出评价。结果检出的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,但革兰阳性菌的比例逐年升高。CAP主要革兰阴性致病菌为肺炎克雷伯菌,主要革兰阳性致病菌为肺炎链球菌;而HAP则分别为铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。HAP致病菌对绝大部分药物的耐药率比CAP高,鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药情况最严重且耐药率呈上升趋势。结论 CAP和HAP病原菌分布和耐药性存在明显差别且随时间变迁,临床应根据药敏结果合理用药,减少耐药菌的发生和流行。
Objective To investigate the changes of distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in patients with hospital and community acquired pneumonia in the previous five years. Methods The distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in patients with hospital acquired pneumonia（ HAP） and community acquired pneumonia（ CAP） were retrospectively analyzed and evaluated in the hospital from January 2011 to December 2014. Results The G-bacteria is the main pathogenic bacteria in the experiment,and the proportion of G＋bacteria increased year by year. The main G–pathogens is Klebsiella pneumoniae and the main G＋pathogens is Streptococcus pneumoniae in the CAP,but the main G–and G＋pathogens are Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in HAP. The rate of resistance to majority drugs in HAP is higher than that in CAP. The drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii is most severe and the resistant rate is on the rise. Conclusion The distribution and drug resistance of pathogens are obvious different between CAP and HAP. Rational clinical medication should be based on the drug sensitive test result so as to decrease the drug resistance.
作者
刘超
张丽红
LIU Chao ZHANG Li-hong(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310022, China)
出处
《中国卫生检验杂志》
CAS
2017年第18期2721-2725,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology
关键词
医院获得性肺炎
社区获得性肺炎
耐药性
药敏试验
Hospital acquired pnenmonia
Community acquired pneumonia
Drug resistance
Drug sensitive test
