摘要
为了解决浮式天然气生产液化储卸装置(FLNG)在恶劣海域、特别是台风频发海域的操作问题,基于南中国海的环境条件,分析了中国海域的台风特点,分别就台风来临时FLNG不解脱操作方案及FLNG解脱和撤离操作方案进行了对比研究,并针对FLNG不解脱操作方案所面临的LNG隔离舱温度场、台风期间蒸发气处理及扩散、浅水区平台台风发电机方案等技术难题进行了攻关研究。结果表明:①从操作便利、安全和提高油气田效益的角度,建议将FLNG设计为台风期间不解脱操作方案;②设置船中压载舱,可确保E级钢在FLNG中、特别是台风期间的使用安全;③台风期间放空管达到一定高度后,最危险工况的BOG扩散仍是安全的;④设计4组、每组5根的系泊系统,能确保台风期间FLNG不解脱时的系泊强度问题;⑤台风来临时,FLNG生产装置停止生产并泄压,人员实施有计划的撤离,待台风离开后,人员返回FLNG并开车生产,可有效提高效率,保证FLNG的操作便利和系统安全。
For solving the operation problems of Floating Liquid Natural Gas （FLNG） vessels in harsh sea areas, especially in the areas where typhoon happens frequently, the characteristics of cyclone （typhoon） in China sea areas were analyzed based on the environmental conditions of the South China Sea. Then, the FLNG connection operation and the FLNG disconnection and evacuation plans in the situation of cyclones were compared. And finally, a series of research was carried out on the technical difficulties related to the FLNG connection operation plan, such as the temperature field of LNG cofferdam, the vapor treatment and diffusion during a cyclone, such as a typhoon, and the typhoon generator at the shallow-water platform. Based on these analysis and research, the following recommendations were proposed. First, it is recommended to adopt the FLNG connection operation plan during a typhoon to guarantee convenient and safe operation and to improve oil and gas field benefits. Second, a ballast cabin can be set inside the vessel to ensure the safety of Grade E steel in FLNG, especially during a typhoon. Third, BOG diffusion can be still safe in the most dangerous working condition when the vent pipe reaches a certain height during a typhoon. Fourth, four groups of mooring systems （five pieces in each group） can be designed to guarantee the mooring strength of FLNG connection operation during a typhoon. And fifth, when a typhoon arrives, it is necessary to stop FLNG, release the pressure and organize personnel evacuation in a planned way. After the typhoon leaves, personnel return and start FLNG for production again. In this way, efficiency can be increased effectively, and the operational convenience and safety of FLNG vessels can be ensured.
作者
周晓红
李达
易丛
张超
谢波涛
朱小松
刘向东
Zhou Xiaohong Li Da Yi Cong Zhang Chao Xie Botao Zhu Xiaosong Liu Xiangdong(CNOOC Research Institute, Beijing 100028, China)
出处
《天然气工业》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第1期131-136,共6页
Natural Gas Industry
关键词
中国海域
FLNG
台风模式
海上操作
不解脱
BOG扩散
温度场
发电机
人员撤离
China sea areas
Floating Liquid Natural Gas （FLNG） vessels
Cyclone （typhoon）
Offshore operation, Connection operation BOG diffusion
Temperature field
Electric generator
Evacuation
