摘要
目的 了解宜春市麻疹流行特点及临床特征与免疫史之间的关系。方法 对宜春市2006年1月-2015年12月报告的麻疹病例进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 宜春市2006-2015年共报告麻疹确诊病例1143例,年平均发病率2.09/10万;2009年发病率最高,以散发为主,男女性别比为2.19∶1.00;发病年龄以7岁以下为主,占74.34%,且常住人口居多;3-8月份为麻疹的高发季节,其中4-5月份为高峰期。万载县的年平均发病率最高,但强化接种后,2012-2014年连续三年发病率为零;铜鼓县发病率最低;麻疹病例中免疫史为0剂次居多,占47.07%。结论 宜春市的麻疹发病以散发为主,发病年龄以7岁以下为主,无免疫史是其发病的主要原因;强化接种后各县区麻疹发病率显著下降,有免疫史麻疹患者的临床中毒症状轻于无免疫史患者;随着年龄的增加,麻疹临床中毒症状逐渐减轻,但大年龄组合并淋巴结肿大及腹泻的发病数要高于小年龄组。
Objective To understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of measles in Yichun city and the relations with the history of immune.Methods Reported measles from January 2006 to December 2015 in the hospitals of Yichun City were analysed by descriptive epidemiological methods.Results Total 1143 cases were reported in Yichun City during 2006-2015.The male/female ratio and average incidence per year were 2.19：1.00 and 2.09/100 000, respectively.The distribution of incidence was the highest in the 2009.Most of cases were sporadic,which were giving priority to with the population of permanent residents and were the onset age mainly under the age of 7,accounted for 74.34% .The higher incidence was happened from March to August,and the April and the May had the highest incidence.The distribution- of -neidence was the highest in Wanzai county,in which there was no case during 2012-2014 after the mass vaccination campaign.The distribution of incidence was the lowest in Tonggu county.The main factors of measles occurrence were because of no vaccination history.The history of immune of reported measles in the main were 0 tlmes,accounted for 47.07%.Conclusion The measles incidence was given priority to with distributed in Yichun city, onset age was given priority to with age under the age of 7,the main factors of measles occurrence were because of no vaccination history.After the strengthen measles vaccination,any of counties measles incidence decreased obviously.The clinical poisoning symptoms of measles patients with immune history was milder than that without immune history.With the increase of age,the measles clinical symptoms gradually reduced,but the incidence of large age combined with lymph node enlargement and diarrhea was higher than that of small age group.
出处
《中国当代医药》
2016年第35期141-145,共5页
China Modern Medicine
基金
江西省宜春市社会发展类科技计划项目(JXYC2016KSA024)
关键词
麻疹
流行病学特征
临床特征
免疫
Measles
Epidemiology characteristic
Clinical characteristic
Immunization
