摘要
目的探讨吉林地区麻疹流行病学特点及临床特征。方法对2006年1月～2011年6月吉林市传染病医院收治的1127例麻疹患者临床资料进行回顾分析。结果 1127例患者,其中男663例,女464例,男女比为1.3︰1,2006年度发病例数788例占总发病数70%,发病集中于3～5月份,血清麻疹ⅠgM抗体阳性率为96.43%,热峰高于39℃,682例(86.61%),并发支气管肺炎267例(33.88%)。并发麻疹病毒性心肌炎,236例(29.95%),并发麻疹病毒性肝炎196例(24.80%)。2007年度后共计发病339例占总发病数30%,发病集中于4～7月份,血清麻疹IgM抗体阳性率为94.53%,热峰高于39.0℃,223例(63.90%),并发支气管肺炎97例(27.80%)。并发麻疹病毒性心肌炎,106例(30.37%),并发麻疹病毒性肝炎126例(36.10%)。结论吉林地区近5年麻疹发病率变化显著可能与先期麻疹疫苗接种不规范或接种疫苗抗体滴度下降,以及后期紧急强化疫苗免疫等因素有关。临床特征具有较重的病毒血症以及心肌、肝脏损害。为控制和消除麻疹,应加强麻疹防治工作。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of measles in Jilin area. Methods The clinical data of 1127 patients with measles admitted to Jilin City Hospital for Infectious Diseases from January 2006 to June 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of the 1127 patients （663 men and 464 women）, the ratio of male to female was 1.3：1. A total of 788 patients had disease onset in 2006, accounting for 70% of the total number of patients; The disease onset mainly happened from March to May; The positive rate of serum measles IgM antibody was 96.43%; 682 patients （86.61%） had a thermal peak higher than 39 ~C and 267 patients （33.88%） were complicated by bronchial pneumonia; 236 patients （29.95%） were complicated by measles virus myocarditis and 196 patients （24.80%） were complicated by measles virus hepatitis. From 2007, a total of 339 patients had disease onset, accounting for 30% of the total number of patients; The disease onset mainly happened from April to July; The positive rate of serum measles IgM antibody was 94.53%; 223 patients （63.90%） had a thermal peak higher than 39℃ and 97 patients （27.80%） were complicated by bronchial pneumonia; 106 patients （30.37%） were complicated by measles virus myocarditis and 126 patients （36.10%） were complicated by measles virus hepatitis. Conclusion The significant change of measles incidence in the recent 5 years in Jilin area may be associated with the lack of standardization of previous measles vaccine inoculation, decrease of vaccine antibody drops, late urgent intensified vaccine immune and other factors. Clinical features include severe virus blood syndrome, myocardiac and liver damage. Measles prevention and control should be strengthened in order to control and eliminate measles.
出处
《中国医药科学》
2012年第24期133-134,共2页
China Medicine And Pharmacy
关键词
麻疹
临床特征
流行病学
疫苗
Measles
Clinical features
Epidemiology
Vaccine
