摘要
目的了解扬州市HIV初筛阳性病例确证情况及免疫印迹试验(Western Blot,WB)带型分布特点,为艾滋病防治工作提供科学依据。方法应用WB进行HIV抗体确证检测。分析不同性别、年龄组和感染途径人群确证带型差异。结果2012—2013年,扬州市HIV初筛阳性率0.056%,经WB确证,228例为HIV-1抗体阳性病例,确证阳性率87.35%,主要为男性(89.47%)、已婚(75.44%);主要来源于自愿咨询检测(39.91%)和住院及术前检测者(34.21%);主要感染途径为经性接触(97.37%)。HIV-1抗体阳性者、不确定者及阴性者初筛S/CO值差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。gp160阳性率最高(100.00%),p55最低(32.89%)。全带型占24.12%,不同感染途径阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄组p51阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。24例不确定病例中有9例经随访为阳性,其早期带型均为gp160和p24。结论 HIV初筛假阳性率较高,须经复检、WB确证。不确定病例中,应将早期出现gp160和p24带型的病例作为高度疑似HIV感染者进行重点随访。建议加强HIV的监测与健康教育,进一步推进PITC,及早发现感染者,减少疾病的传播风险。
Objectives To understand current situation of confirmatory experiments for HIV positive samples from primary screening in Yangzhou City;to study characteristics of Western blot analysis （WB） bands patterns ; to provide scientific basis for HIV/AIDS prevention and control. Methods WB was used for confirmatory experiments for HIV antibody diagnosis; bands patterns were compared among groups of patients with different genders, ages and transmission routes. Results The positive rate of primary screen for HIV antibody was 0. 056% in Yangzhou City from 2012 to 2013, among which 228 cases were confirmed by WB, resulting confirmatory positive rate of 87.35 %. Confirmed HIV positive patients were mainly male （89.47%） and married （75.44%） ;samples were mainly collected from Voluntary Counseling Test services （VCT） （39.91%） and hospitalized patients and preoperative examination（34.21 % ）; sexual contact was major transmission route（97.37 % ）. The S/CO values among HIV-1 antibody positive patients, uncertain patients and negative subjects were statistically different（P〈 0.01）. gpl60 showed highest positive rate（100.00%）, while p55 showed the lowest positive rate（32.89%）. Complete bands pattern accounted for 24.12 %, which were statistically different among patients infected via different routes （P〈 0.05）;p51 positive rates were statistically different among different age groups（P〈0.05）. Among 24 uncertain patients, 9 were con- firmed as HIV-1 antibody-positive patients, all with early stage pattern combination of gpl60 and p24. Conclusion The false positive rate of HIV primary screening was relatively high. Re-examination and confirmatory experiments were required for ac- curate diagnosis. Uncertain patients with gp160 and p24 should be considered as highly suspected candidates for follow-up studies. Meanwhile, health promotion and surveillance of HIV should be strengthened, PITC should be promoted to identify HIV infected patients at early stage in order to reduce disease spreading risk.
出处
《江苏预防医学》
CAS
2016年第4期423-425,共3页
Jiangsu Journal of Preventive Medicine
