摘要
本试验旨在研究添加3种过瘤胃脂肪(脂肪酸钙、氢化脂肪和分馏脂肪)对泌乳前期奶牛体况、生产性能和经济效益的影响。试验选用处于分娩后,年龄、胎次、体重相近且上一胎次平均日泌乳量为33 kg的健康荷斯坦奶牛48头,随机分为4组,每组12头。对照组饲喂基础TMR日粮,3个试验组分别在奶牛分娩后于基础日粮中每头牛每天添加脂肪酸钙、氢化脂肪和分馏脂肪500 g,试验期为90 d。结果表明:泌乳前期各组奶牛干物质采食量差异均不显著(P>0.05);产后60 d、90 d各试验组奶牛的体况评分均极显著地高于对照组(P<0.01);各试验组奶牛泌乳前期产奶量有提高的趋势(0.05<P<0.1);各组乳脂率差异均不显著(P>0.05);与对照组相比,日粮中添加脂肪酸钙和分馏脂肪极显著地降低了泌乳前期的乳蛋白率(P<0.01),而氢化脂肪组差异不显著(P>0.05);3个试验组泌乳前期的经济效益平均每头牛每天分别增加15.75、15.70和16.62元。因此,3种过瘤胃脂肪产品的添加在一定程度上改善了泌乳前期奶牛体况,提高了产奶量,增加了经济效益。
This experiment was conduc ted to investigate the effects of different types of rumen-protected fat（calcium fatty acids, hydrogenated fat, fractionation fat） on body condition, production performance and economic benefit of early lactation cows. Forty eight postpartum healthy Holstein cows with similar age, parity, body weight and average milk yield 33 kg/d of previous parity were selected and randomly divided into four groups（one control and three test groups）, and each group included 12 Holstein cows. The postpartum cows of control were fed basic TMR diets, and the postpartum cows of 3 test groups were fed basic diets added calcium fatty acids, hydrogenated fat and fractionation fat500 g per cow per day, respectively. The trail lasted 90 d. Supplementation of rumen-protected fat had no effect on dry matter intake at any groups in early lactation（P 〉0.05）. The body condition score of 3 test groups cows were all significantly higher than that control at postpartum 60 and 90 d（ P〈0.01）. Compared with control group, the milk yield of 3 test groups tended to increase in early lactation（0.05 〈P 〈0.1）; Supplementation of rumen-protected fat had no effect on the milk fat percentage among groups（P 〉0.05）; The protein percentage of calcium fatty acids and fractionation fat group decreased significantly with supplementation rumen-protected fat（ P 〈0.01）, while the hydrogenated fat group had no effect（P 〉0.05） in early lactation. The economic benefit of three test groups increased respectively $15.75, 15.70, 16.62 $/d in early lactation. These results indicate that rumen-protected fat supplementation to the early lactation cows could alleviate body condition and increase economic benefits by increasing milk production.
出处
《中国畜牧杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第7期40-45,共6页
Chinese Journal of Animal Science
基金
国家科技部支撑项目
"东北农区奶牛规模化健康养殖生产技术集成和产业化示范(2012BAD12B05-01)"
黑龙江省农垦总局项目"黑龙江垦区规模化奶牛场增产关键技术研究与示范(HNK125B-11-02)"
关键词
过瘤胃脂肪
泌乳前期
体况
生产性能
经济效益
rumen-protected fat
early lactation
body condition
production performance
economic benefits
