摘要
目的探讨新生儿医院感染病原菌特点及影响感染的危险因素,为临床降低新生儿感染率提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2012年3月-2015年4月新生儿科1 258例住院新生儿临床资料,分析其病原菌分布、主要感染部位及感染相关危险因素,数据采用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析。结果 1 258例新生儿共发生医院感染63例,感染率为5.01%,其主要感染部位为呼吸道占49.20%;共检出病原菌68株,其中革兰阴性菌42株占61.76%,以大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌为主,革兰阳性菌26株占38.24%,以金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌为主;单因素分析发现,剖宫产、出生体质量<2.5kg、住院时间>7d、胎龄<37周、非母乳喂养、入住暖箱、机械通气、羊水污染、未预防性应用抗菌药物是新生儿发生医院感染的危险因素(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析发现,出生体质量、胎龄、机械通气、母乳喂养是新生儿发生医院感染的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论新生儿感染病原菌较广,医院感染的危险因素较多,采取相应措施,提倡母乳喂养,减少侵入性操作,以降低医院感染率。
OBJECTIVE To explore pathogenic characteristics and risk factors of neonatal hospital infections,in order to provide basis for reducing clinical neonatal infection rates.METHODS A total of 1258 newborns from Mar.2012 to Apr.2015 in our hospital were selected,and their clinical data was retrospectively analyzed.The pathogen distribution,the main sites of infections and infection-related risk factors were analyzed.Data were statistically analyzed by software SPSS 19.0.RESULTS Totally 63 newborns were infected among the 1258 hospitalized neonates;the infection rate was 5.01%.The main site of infections was respiratory tract,accounting for 49.20%.Totally68 strains of infectious pathogens were found in 63 cases of infected children,including 42 strains of gram-negative bacteria accounting for 61.76% dominated by Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,26 strains of grampositive bacteria accounting for 38.24% dominated by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis.The univariate analysis showed that cesarean section,birth weight2.5kg,length of hospital stay 7d,gestational age37 weeks,breastfeeding,stay in warm box,mechanical ventilation,amniotic fluid contamination,prophylactic antibiotics were risk factors for neonatal hospital infections（P〈0.05）.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that birth weight,gestational age,mechanical ventilation and breastfeeding were independent risk factors for neonatal hospital infections（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSION The results show that infectious pathogens in neonatal are broad,risk factors for hospital infections are various.Appropriate measures should be taken to reduce hospital infection rates,such as promoting breastfeeding and reducing invasive procedures.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期674-675,678,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
海南省自然科学基金资助项目(30715)
关键词
新生儿
病原菌
感染
危险因素
Neonates
Pathogens
Infection
Risk factors
