摘要
为研究眉山市主城区降水污染的来源,于2009年1月~2013年12月在眉山市主城区采集降水243场,并采用pH计、离子色谱仪、流动注射分析仪和原子吸收分光光度计等设备检测了降水的pH值以及主要水溶性无机离子组份浓度。对监测数据的分析结果表明:2009~2013年,降水pH的降雨量加权年均值分别为6.34、6.43、6.36、6.27、6.89,pH值主要分布在5.60~7.00之间,即呈中性,而有7.82%的降水呈现碱性,并无酸雨事件发生。各年的降雨量加权年均离子总浓度依次为556.88、761.87、1012.06、1147.16、982.33μeq/L,比大多数地区高。本地区降水中的主要污染物是SO_4^(2-)、Ca^(2+)、NH_4^+和NO_3^-,四者之和占离子总浓度的80%~90%。5年间,降水中NO_3^-/SO_4^(2-)比值的年均值分别为0.27、0.37、0.34、0.27、0.21,均远小于1,表明固定污染源是本地区降水的主要污染来源。通过相关性分析、富集因子分析,将降水的污染来源概括为海盐泡沫、地壳源和人为污染源,它们对降水中离子总浓度的贡献率分别为6.30%、12.74%、80.96%,可见人为污染源起绝对主导作用。
In order to study the pollution sources of precipitation in the main urban area of Meishan City, a total of 243 precipitation samples were collected at the main urban area of Meishan City from January 2009 to December 2013. Ion Chromatograph, Automatic Flow Injection Analyzer, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer etc. were used to detected pH values and the mass concentrations of the main water - soluble inorganic ions in precipitation. Based on the monitoring data, the analysis results showed that the annual volume - weighted - mean pH value from 2009 to 2013 were 6. 34, 6.43,6. 36, 6.27, 6. 89, respectively. The pH value were mainly distributed in the ranged of 5.60 - 7.00, which indicated neutralization. 7. 82% of the rain events were alkaline. There was no acid rain event observed. The annual volume - weighted - mean value of total ionic mass concentration for each year were 556. 88, 761.87, 1012. 06, 1147.16, 982. 33 μeq/L, and all of them were higher than most other areas. The most abundant ionic species in precipitation of this area were SO42 - , Ca2＋ , NH4＋ and NO3- , respectively. They together contributed about 80% ~ 90% to the total ionic content. The annual mean value of NO3-/SO4^2- in the five years were 0. 27, 0. 37, 0. 34, 0. 27, 0. 21, respectively, which were far less than 1. 0, suggesting that the stationary pollution source was the main pollution source of precipitation in this region. Through correlation analysis and enrichment factor analysis, three kind of pollution source were summarized - sea salts, crustal source and anthropogenic source - in detail. The percentage contribution of each pollution source were 6. 30% , 12. 74% , 80. 96% , respectively, indicating anthropogenic source plays an absolute leading role.
出处
《四川环境》
2015年第6期102-111,共10页
Sichuan Environment
关键词
眉山市主城区
降水
化学组成
源解析
The main urban area of Meishan City
precipitation
chemical componets
source apportionment
