摘要
目的了解北京市昌平区中小学生家长营养知识知晓情况及对学生午餐满意度,为制定营养干预措施,改善学生营养状况提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样的方法,抽取昌平区5所学校37个班级988名中小学生家长进行匿名自填式问卷调查。结果对学生午餐44.0%的家长表示非常关注,48.9%的家长表示比较关注;43.4%的学生经常给家长说自己午餐情况,家长对学生午餐满意的报告率仅为18.3%,学生告诉家长午餐好吃的报告率为26.0%;27.6%的家长认为学生午餐能保证学生营养需求;学校食堂是学生午餐人数最多（63.5%）,也是家长最希望学生就餐（44.1%）的途径;家长回答学生从不剩饭仅31.8%,认为学生剩饭的原因主要是饭菜口味不好（40.6%）、偏食/挑食（25.8%）和饭量小（21.4%）,有16.6%的父母对学生剩饭行为不批评/随便;57.7%的学生每天午餐费用5-10元,且52.3%的家长只能接受这样的餐费,73.6%的家长希望每天都能为学生提供牛奶/水果,多数家长希望学生的午餐有1道荤菜（60.3%）、1道素菜（49.8%）、1道半荤半素菜（77.8%）;家长主要通过电视/广播（75.4%）、杂志/报纸/书籍（65.4%）等多途径获得营养相关知识,家长对所有营养膳食知识知晓率仅为11.2%;家长选择食物的考虑依次为营养（38.6%）、卫生（30.1%）和口味（20.6%）;8.9%的家长平时给学生带零食,排前3位的零食是水果（64.3%）、牛奶和奶制品（60.9%）、饼干/点心/面包（49.9%）。结论家长营养膳食知识水平较低。应增加对中小学生午餐补助的范围和力度,以保证学生营养需求。
Objective To investigate the students＇ lunch satisfaction and nutrition knowledge among students＇ parents in primary and secondary schools in Changping District of Beijing in order to develop nutritional interventions and improve students＇ nutritional status. Methods By using cluster random sampling, 988 primary and middle school students＇ parents were recruited for anonymous self-administered questionnaire from five schools 31 classes. Results About 44.0% of parents were seriously concerned about the students＇ lunch,48.9% of parents were concerned about students＇ lunch 43.4% of the students often talk about their lunch with parents,only 18.3% parents were satisfied with the student lunch, 26.0% students said they were satisfied with the lunch, 27.6% of parents think students lunch can guarantee the nutritional needs of students ;School canteen is the place where most student had lunch （63.5% ） and most parents hope so （44.1% ） ;only 31.8% of the students never remain food, main reason for the parents think students food was the taste（40.6%）, picking foods （25.8%）, and eat less food（21.4%）, 16.6% of parents do not criticize/stay casual;students＇ leftovers behavior 57.7% of the students spend 5-10 yuan on lunch every day and 52.3% of parents can only accept such meal fees, but 73.6% of parents hope can provide their students with milk/fruit every day, and hope the students have meat （60.3% ） , 1 vegetable dishes（ 49.8% ） 1 meat and vegetarian mired dishes（77.8% ）.Parents mainly get nutrition knowledge through TV/radio （ 75.4% ） , magazines/newspapers/books （65.4% ） , and other more avenues, all dietary nutrition knowledge answer correct report rate among parents is only 11.2%;Main priority of parents＇ choice is nutrition food （38.6%） , health （30.1%） and taste （20.6%）;8.9% of parents usually bring snacks for the student, the top three snacks are fruits （64.3%）, milk, yogurt and other dairy products （60.9%）, biscuits/snack/bread （49.9%）. Conclusion Parents＇ dietary knowledge should be enhanced. Government should enlarge the students lunch subsidy scope to meet the students＇ nutritional requirements.
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第11期1622-1625,1627,共5页
Chinese Journal of School Health
关键词
健康教育
饮食习惯
学生
Health education
Food habits
Students
