摘要
[目的]新疆阿克苏地区是我国重要的棉花产区,以气温为代表的气象条件和以化肥用量、农业机械化水平、农村用电量为基础的物化投入水平是形成棉花产量的两个重要方面,研究二者与棉花产量的关系,为棉花生产提供基本的理论依据.[方法]以阿克苏市和库车县作为研究对象,利用两地1980 ～2009年的日平均气温数据和1988～2009年的棉花生产资料进行统计分析.[结果]阿克苏市和库车县4～10月月平均气温和≥15℃活动积温在波动中逐年上升;温度较低时,棉花气象产量指数随着温度的升高而增大;当温度升高到一定程度,气象产量指数不再增加;偏暖年和中等偏上水平的物化投入组合对应较高的棉花单产.[结论]适宜温度条件下进行适度的物化投入既能提高棉花单产,又有利于节约资源.
[ Objective] The Aksu District is an important cotton region in Xinjiang. The meteorology con- dition such as temperature and the materialized inputs such as fertilizer application amounts, gross agricultural machinery power and rural electric power are vital to the cotton yield. This study on their impacts aims to pro- vide the basis for cotton production. [ Method] Based on the statistical data of cotton production from 1988 to 2009 and daily temperature from 1980 to 2009 in Aksu City and Kuqa County, the influences of materialized inputs and temperature change on cotton yield in Aksu district of Xinjiang were analyzed. [ Result] The sum of monthly mean temperature during April to October and ≥ 15℃ active accumulated temperature were on the fluctuant increase. When the temperature was lower in that year, cotton climate yield index increased with temperature increasing. When the sum of monthly mean temperature during April to October was above some degree, the cotton climate yield index didn＇t increase with temperature increasing. The cotton yield was less when sum temperature and active accumulated temperature was too low （sum temperature monthly ∑ t4 - 10 〈 132.5℃ ） , even if the materialized inputs was on a higher level. Warmer climate and higher materialized in puts were beneficial for the cotton yield. [ Conclusion ] Appropriate use of materialized inputs with suitable temperature could not only improve cotton yield but also be good for sustainable development.
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第10期1946-1953,共8页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
公益性行业(气象)科研专项经费项目(GYHY201206022)
国家自然科学基金项目(30971686)
关键词
棉花
化肥用量
农业机械总动力
农村用电量
物化投入指数
气温
气象产量指数
cotton yield
fertilizer application amounts
gross agricultural machinery power
rural elec-tric power
materialized inputs index
temperature
cotton climate yield index
