摘要
目的分析2010-2011年聊城市手足口病病原学流行特征及病原谱变化规律,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学分析方法对2010-2011年病原学检测结果进行分析。结果 2010和2011年分别报告实验室确诊病例3 303例和2 078例;2010年以肠道病毒71型(enterovirus71,EV71)感染为主,2011年以柯萨奇病毒A16型(CA16)感染为主。手足口病发病有季节性,4～7月份为发病高峰,不同发病时段的优势病原体主要为EV71和CA16,二者呈交替流行;发病主要集中在5岁以下年龄组(95.56%),以散居儿童为主(90.24%),托幼儿童中EV71的检出率高于CA16的检出率(χ2=71.02,P<0.001);1～岁组的重症发生率最高,感染EV71的重症发生率明显高于感染CA16者(χ2=216.47,P<0.001)。结论手足口病的主要病原体是EV71和CA16,二者在不同时段可交替或相伴流行;病原谱的变化有规律性;EV71是造成重症的主要病原体。
Objective To analyze the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD） in Liaocheng city in 2010 and 2011,and to provide scientific evidence for preventive policy making.Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the etiological data collected from patients with HFMD in 2010 and2011.Results A total of 3303 laboratory-confirmed cases were reported in 2010 and the predominant pathogen was found to be EV-71.While in 2011,there were 2078 confirmed cases reported and the major pathogen was identified as CA16.HFMD was a seasonal disease,most cases occurred from April to July with EV-71 and CA16 found to be the predominant pathogens and appeared alternatively in different periods.Most of the cases were children under 5 years old which accounted for 95.56% of total patients,especially those sporadically inhabited children who amounted for 90.24%.The detection rate of EV71 was higher than that of CA16 among children in kindergarten（χ2=71.02,P〈0.001）.The morbidity of severe HFMD was the highest in children aged 1 to 2 years with EV1 found to be much more common than CA16（χ2=216.47,P〈0.001）.Conclusions EV-71 and CA16 are the major pathogens of HFMD and may appear alternatively in different periods.Because of the regularity of this pathogenic spectrum,it is possible to predict the etiology for the following year.EV71 is the main pathogen causing severe infection.Understanding the epidemiological and etiological features of HFMD is critical for the prevention and control of HFMD.
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
2012年第7期536-539,共4页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
关键词
手足口病
病原学
流行病学研究
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease （HFMD）
Pathogen
Epidemiology
