摘要
目的分析章丘区手足口病流行病学特点,为手足口病防控工作提供依据。方法利用2006~2016年章丘区手足口病监测和疫情数据,运用Excel 2003、SPSS 13.0等软件进行分析。结果 2006~2016年章丘区共报告手足口病8 007例,不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。其中重症14例,重症率为0.17%,无死亡。时间分布上呈单峰流行,以5~8月为主,分别为734、2 176、2 298、1 198例,占80.00%;地区分布上从初期局部,到中期多点,再到后期中部城市地区为中心,周边环行分布街道为重点,边远地区散发和少发的特点;人群分布上主要发生在≤5岁儿童,男性(4 820例)多于女性(3 187例),男性发病率为83.04/10万,女性发病率为55.11/10万(P<0.01)。2009~2016年章丘区共报告手足口病聚集性疫情233起,聚集疫情罹患率由高到低依次为同一家庭(41.24%)、同一村庄(1.37%)、同一机构(1.30%)、同一班级(0.98%)(P<0.01)。病原学特征:2009~2016年各年病原谱不同,手足口病优势病原体基本呈现2~3年一次轮替现象,期间出现肠道病毒71型(Enterovirs71,EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Coxsachie virus,CoxA16)、肠道病毒(Pan-enterovirus,PE)两者或三者的均衡分布,易引发高峰年;2009~2012年章丘区手足口病疫情发病季节性与优势病原体季节分布基本一致,2013~2016年发病季节性与优势病原体季节分布不一致。结论章丘区手足口病具有地区性、季节性、特殊人群积聚性特征。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease in Zhangqiu district,2006-2016,so as to provide the basis for its prevention and control. Methods The monitoring and epidemic data of hand,foot and mouth disease in Zhangqiu district were analyzed by software such as Excel 2003 and SPSS 13.0. Results A total of 8 007 cases of hand,foot and mouth disease were reported in Zhangqiu district,2006-2016,of which 14 cases of severe,with no deaths;The time distribution was a single peak,mainly May-August,with 734 cases,2 176 cases,2 298 cases,1 198 cases respectively,accounting for 80.00%;In the area distribution,from the beginning of the local,to the mid increased,and then late in the central city area as the center,surrounded by circular distribution of the street as the focus,remote areas were distributed and less affected by the characteristics of the disease.The distribution of the population mainly occurred in children under 5,among them including 4 820 males and 3 187 females.Male cases were more than female cases（P〈 0.01）;A total of 233 aggregation epidemic cases of hand,foot and mouth disease were reported in Zhangqiu district,2006-2016,the rate of epidemic outbreaks from high to low in order was the same family（41.24%）,the same village（1.37%）,the same institution（1.30%）,the same class（0.98%）（P〈 0.01）.Pathogenic features showed that pathogenic spectrum was different each year from 2006 to 2016,hand,foot and mouth disease dominant pathogens basically showed the phenomenon of 2-3years time rotation,during this time,with the equilibrium distribution of EV71,CoxA16,PE,or both,which was easy to trigger a peak year.From the correlation between monthly incidence and pathogen distribution,the seasonal distribution of hand,foot and mouth disease in Zhangqiu district was consistent with the seasonal distribution of dominant pathogens from 2006 to 2012,the seasonal distribution of hand,foot and mouth disease and the seasonal distribution of dominant pathogens was inconsistent from 2013 to 2016. Conclusion Hand,foot and mouth disease has regional,seasonal and special population accumulation characteristics in Zhangqiu district.
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2017年第6期443-446,共4页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
关键词
手足口病
流行病学
Hand
foot and mouth disease
Epidemiology
