摘要
目的探讨不同程度视力残疾患者在应用光学和电子助视器后远、近视力的康复效果。方法对天津医科大学眼科中心低视力康复中心283例(9～79岁)视力残疾患者按视力残疾程度分为盲(110例)和低视力(173例)两组。分别比较两组应用Keplerian及Galilean望远镜前后远视力及脱残率的差异,以及应用带光源手持放大镜、近用眼镜式助视器及电子助视器后阅读成功率的差异。应用助视器前后的远视力差异采用配对t检验,脱残率及阅读成功率的差异采用χ2检验。结果两组应用两种远用助视器后远视力均有所提高,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.01);盲目组应用Keplerian及Galilean望远镜后脱残率分别为10.9%和9.1%,低视力组分别为76.3%和77.5%,差异均无统计学意义(P=0.823、P=0.899)。两组应用电子助视器阅读成功率(26.4%、86.1%)均高于带光源手持放大镜(13.6%、71.1%)及近用眼镜式助视器(15.5%、68.2%),差异均有统计学意义(P=0.031、P<0.01)。结论助视器能帮助视力残疾患者有效利用其残余视力,改善视功能及提高生活质量,是视力残疾患者康复的有效手段,应加强宣传及推广普及。
Objective To evaluate the rehabilitation of the visual aids in patients with different levels of visual disability involving both distance vision and near vision. Methods Two hundreds and eighty-three patients aged from 7 years old to 79 years old in Tianjin Medical University Eye Center were divided into blindness group （ 110cases） and low vision group （ 173 cases） according to levels of visual disability. Distance vision and the rate without visual impairment were compared using Keplerian and Gall- lean telescope, and reading performance rate were compared with hand magnifiers with light, glasses aids and electronic aids. The results of distance vision were analyzed with paired t test, and the rate without visual impairment and reading performance rate with chi-square test. Results The improvement of distance vision was statistically significant in the two groups before and after using two telescopes（ all P 〈 0.01 ）. The rate without visual impairment using Kepler- Jan and Galilean telescope were 10.996 and 9.1% in blindness group,75.396 and 77.5% in low vision group,there was no statistical difference （P = 0. 823,0. 899 ）. While, the reading performance rate using electronic aids （ 25. 496 , 85. 1% ） was higher than that using hand magnifiers （13.6% ,71.1% ） and glasses aids （15.5% ,68.2% ） in the two groups,and there were statistical differences （P = 0.031,P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Visual aids are effective and necessary devices for visual disability, which can help patients to make full use of residual visual acuity and improve the visual acuity. Better allocation of services and resources is required urgently.
出处
《眼科新进展》
CAS
北大核心
2012年第7期676-678,共3页
Recent Advances in Ophthalmology
关键词
视力残疾
盲
低视力
助视器
康复
visual disability
blindness
low vision
visual aids
rehabilitation
