摘要
目的对毛细支气管炎后患儿发生哮喘的危险因素进行筛查。方法收集毛细支气管炎患儿220例的临床及随访资料，对性别、治疗方法、免疫接种、特异性体质、喂养方式、哮喘家族史等进行调查统计，筛选毛细支气管炎后发生哮喘的危险因素。结果单因素分析显示不同性别的毛细支气管炎患儿哮喘发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），按时接种卡介苗、使用大剂量免疫球蛋白治疗的患儿哮喘发生率低于未按时接种卡介苗及未使用大剂量免疫球蛋白治疗者（P〈0．01），有特异性体质、有哮喘家族史的患儿哮喘发生率高于无特异性体质及无哮喘家族史者（P〈0．01），肥胖患儿哮喘发生率高于非肥胖者（P〈0．05），母乳喂养〉4个月患儿哮喘发生率低于非母乳喂养〉4个月者（P〈0．05）。多因素回归分析显示有哮喘家族史、肥胖、有特异性体质是毛细支气管炎患儿发生哮喘的危险因素，使用大剂量免疫球蛋白治疗、按时接种卡介苗、母乳喂养〉4个月是毛细支气管炎患儿发生哮喘的保护因素。结论有哮喘家族史、有特异性体质、肥胖是毛细支气管炎患儿发生哮喘的危险因素，免疫球蛋白治疗及按时接种卡介苗是减少哮喘发生的保护因素，尤其值得应用在有上述危险因素的患儿中。
Objective To screen the relative risk and protective factors of children patients with asthma after capillary bronchiolitis. Methods The clinical and follow-up data of 220 children patients with capillary bronchiolitis were collected. Sex, treatment method, immunization vaccination,idiosyncrasy, feeding way, family history were investigated and analyzed. The risk factors of asthma were screened. Results Univariate analysis showed that the incidence of asthma between different genders had no significant difference （P 〉0.05）. The asthma incidence in patients with BCG vaccination on time and large-dose immunoglobulin treatment were lower than those in patients without BCG vaccination on time and large-dose immunoglobulin treatment （P 〈 0.01 ）. The asthma incidence in patients with idiosyncrasy, family history was significantly higher than that in patients without idiosyncrasy ,family history（P 〈 0.05 ）. The asthma incidence in patients with obesity was higher than that in other children （P 〈 0.05）. The asthma incidence in patients with more than 4 months breast feeding was lower than that in patients with other feeding ways （P 〈 0.05）. Multi-factors regression analysis showed that family history, obesity, idiosyncrasy were the risk factors of asthma, and large-dose immunoglobulin treatment, BCG vaccination on time, breast feeding 〉 4 months were the protective factors. Conclusions Family history,idiosyncrasy,obesity are the risk factors of asthma in children patients with capillary bronchiolitis, and should be focused on observation. Immunoglobulin treatment and procedural BCG vaccination are the protective factors to reduce the asthma incidence. They are worthy of application especially in children with risk factors.
出处
《中国医师进修杂志》
2012年第18期25-27,共3页
Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine
关键词
哮喘
细支气管炎
普查
危险因素
保护因素
Asthma
Bronchiolitis
Mass screening
Risk factors
Protective factors
