摘要
目的分析2008年5月至2011年7月广州市手足口病的流行病学特征,以了解流行现状,探讨流行趋势,为制定有效的防控策略奠定基础。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析2008-2011年广州市手足口病疫情资料的流行特征。手足口病的肛拭子标本从哨点医院获得,采用RT-PCR方法进行病毒核酸检测。结果疫情暴发月份提前,流行强度增大,高位持续时间延长;市区病例构成从2008年下半年的48.32%逐步降至2011年上半年的35.09%,农村地区则从2008年的11.95%逐步升至24.67%,城乡结合部相对稳定在40.30%左右;病例主要在5岁以下婴幼儿,但呈现出低龄化、成人化的两极化发展趋势,男性高于女性;散居儿童病例数构成比从2008年下半年的60.04%增至2011年的68.92%,托幼儿童则从2008年的38.09%降至2011年的28.27%,学生病例2009年以来相对稳定在2.55%左右;肠道病毒71型(EV71)和柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CoxA16)呈现交替流行的现象。结论广州市手足口病疫情不断向低龄儿童、散居儿童和农村地区扩散,同时不同型别的毒株交替出现。手足口病疫情形势严峻,防控难度加大。
Objective To analyze the dynamic features of the hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in Guangzhou from May 2008 to July 2011,and provide enhanced scientific information for the effective prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data obtained from Guangzhou disease information reporting system. Anal swabs of the cases at the front-line hospitals were collected and detected for the virus by RT-PCR. Results The outbreak was shift to an earlier time of the year, with an increased epidemic intensity, and extended duration. Cases in the urban areas were decreased from 48.32% in 2008 to 35.09% in 2011, however, those in rural areas were gradually increased from 11.95% to 24.67% and in rural-urban areas were stably retain at 40.30%. Cases were mainly occurred in baby and infants below 5 years old, but showing a trend of increase in the younger ages and adults. The disease occurred more in male than in female. Cases in the diaspora children contributed were increased from 60.04% in 2008 May-December to 68.92% in 2011, while those in preschool children was decreased from 38.09% in 2008 to 28.27% in 2011. Cases in school students were relatively stable at 2.55% from 2009. EV71 and CoxA16 were the epidemic sources showing an alternative manner. Conclusions In Guangzhou, the hand-foot-mouth disease showed a trend of increases in younger ages, dispora children and rural areas, and was caused alternatively by EV71 and Cox A16. It is therefore made the hand-foot-mouth disease more serious and hard to prevent and control.
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2011年第12期1410-1413,共4页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
基金
广东省医学科研基金(A2009566)
广州市医药卫生科技一般引导项目(2009-YB-119)
